2.1
Central venous catheters (CVCs) are inserted for a number of reasons including haemodynamic monitoring, intravenous delivery of blood products and drugs (for example, chemotherapy and antibiotics), haemodialysis, total parenteral nutrition, cardiac pacemaker placement and management of perioperative fluids. Central venous catheterisation may be required for patients undergoing cancer treatment, dialysis, or coronary or other major surgery, and for those admitted to intensive therapy units (ITUs), high dependency units (HDUs) or accident and emergency departments. It has been estimated that about 200,000 CVCs are inserted annually in the NHS.