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[null,"Baseline assessment tool for Psoriasis: assessment and management (NICE clinical guideline CG153)"]
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[null,"This baseline assessment tool can be used to evaluate whether practice is in line with the recommendations in Psoriasis: assessment and management.  It can also help to plan activity to meet the recommendations."]
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[null,"The tool can be used by individual services or organisations. Alternatively, an assessment completed with the involvement of all relevant services or organisations would help to develop a picture of activity in the local area."]
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[null,"It should be used in conjunction with Psoriasis: assessment and management (NICE clinical guideline CG153)."]
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[null,"In the first instance, consider whether the guideline is relevant and record the conclusion in the box below."]
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[null,"Is the guideline relevant?"]
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[null,"The data sheet contains the recommendations from the guideline. Information can be entered about current activity relevant to the recommendation, actions needed to meet the recommendation, deadlines and the names of the responsible leads.  Useful documents can be added as hyperlinks."]
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[null,"The table can be adapted to include any other local information that is thought to be useful."]
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[null,"If it would be helpful to group the recommendations, for example those that are key priorities for implementation or by deadline, use the filter function in the data menu. "]
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[null,"Tools and resources to help put the guidance into practice are available on the NICE website. "]
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[null,"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence\nLevel 1A, City Tower, Piccadilly Plaza, Manchester M1 4BT; www.nice.org.uk\n\nCopyright\n© National Institute for Health and Care Excellence 2017. All rights reserved. \n"]

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[null,"Baseline assessment tool for Psoriasis: assessment and management (NICE clinical guideline CG153)"]
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[null,null,null,null,"Number of relevant recommendations",{"$f":"COUNTIF(D8:D132,\"Yes\")","v":0}]
[null,null,null,null,"Number of recommendations met",{"$f":"COUNTIF(F8:F132,\"Yes\")","v":0}]
[null,null,null,null,"Percentage of recommendations met",{"$f":"IF(ISERROR(F4/F3),\"\",F4/F3)","v":""}]
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[null,"NICE recommendation","Guideline reference","Is the recommendation relevant?","Current activity/evidence","Recommendation met?","Actions needed to implement recommendation","Is there a risk associated with not implementing this recommendation?","Is there a cost or saving?","Deadline","Lead"]
[null,"1.1 Principles of care"]
[null,"Offer people with any type of psoriasis (and their families or carers), support and information tailored to suit their individual needs and circumstances, in a range of different formats so they can confidently understand:\n• their diagnosis and treatment options\n• relevant lifestyle risk factors\n• when and how to treat their condition\n• how to use prescribed treatments safely and effectively (for example, how to apply topical treatments, how to minimise the risk of side effects through monitoring for safety of medicines)\n• when and how to seek further general or specialist review\n• strategies to deal with the impact on their physical, psychological and social wellbeing.\nAlso see the NICE guidelines on behaviour change: individual approaches and behaviour change: general approaches.\n","1.1.1.1"]
[null,"When offering treatments to a person with any type of psoriasis:\n• ensure the treatment strategy is developed to meet the person's health goals so that the impact of their condition is minimised and use relevant assessment tools to ensure these goals are met\n• take into account the age and individual circumstances of the person, disease phenotype, severity and impact, co-existing psoriatic arthritis, comorbidities and previous treatment history\n• discuss the risks and benefits of treatment options with the person (and their families or carers where appropriate). Where possible use absolute risk and natural frequency\n• discuss the importance of adherence to treatment for optimising outcomes.\nFor more information see the NICE guidelines on medicines adherence and medicines optimisation.","1.1.1.2"]
[null,"Assess whether support and information need updating or revising at every review or interaction with the person, in particular:\n• during transition from children’s services to adult services\n•  when new interventions become available\n•  when the person’s disease severity or circumstances (for example, in terms of comorbidities or lifestyle) change.\nSee also the NICE guideline on transition from children’s to adults’ services for young people using health or social care services.\n","1.1.1.3"]
[null,"Provide a single point of contact to help people with all types of psoriasis (and their families or carers where appropriate) access appropriate information and advice about their condition and the services available at each stage of the care pathway.","1.1.1.4"]
[null,"NICE has produced guidance on the components of good patient experience in adult NHS services. All healthcare professionals should follow the recommendations in Patient experience in adult NHS services (NICE clinical guideline 138).","1.1.1.5"]
[null,"1.2 Assessment and referral  "]
[null,"1.2.1 Assessment tools for disease severity and impact and when to refer for specialist care"]
[null,"For people with any type of psoriasis assess:\n• disease severity\n• the impact of disease on physical, psychological and social wellbeing\n• whether they have psoriatic arthritis\n• the presence of comorbidities.\n","1.2.1.1"]
[null,"Assess the severity and impact of any type of psoriasis: \n• at first presentation\n• before referral for specialist advice and at each referral point in the treatment pathway\n• to evaluate the efficacy of interventions.\n","1.2.1.2"]
[null,"When assessing the disease severity in any healthcare setting, record:\n• the results of a static Physician’s Global Assessment (classified as clear, nearly clear, mild, moderate, severe or very severe)\n• the patient’s assessment of current disease severity, for example, using the static Patient’s Global Assessment (classified as clear, nearly clear, mild, moderate, severe or very severe) \n• the body surface area affected\n• any involvement of nails, high-impact and difficult-to-treat sites (for example, the face, scalp, palms, soles, flexures and genitals)\n• any systemic upset such as fever and malaise, which are common in unstable forms of psoriasis such as erythroderma or generalised pustular psoriasis.\n","1.2.1.3"]
[null,"In specialist settings, use a validated tool to assess severity of psoriasis, for example the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) (in addition to the assessments indicated in recommendation 1.2.1.3). ","1.2.1.4"]
[null,"Be aware that:\n• PASI and body surface area are not validated for use in children and young people\n• erythema may be underestimated in people with darker skin types, such as skin types V and VI on the Fitzpatrick scale.\n","1.2.1.5"]
[null,"Use the Nail Psoriasis Severity Index  to assess nail disease in specialist settings:\n• if there is a major functional or cosmetic impact or\n•  before and after treatment is initiated specifically for nail disease.\n","1.2.1.6"]
[null,"Assess the impact of any type of psoriasis on physical, psychological and social wellbeing by asking:\n•  what aspects of their daily living are affected by the person’s psoriasis\n•  how the person is coping with their skin condition and any treatments they are using \n•  if they need further advice or support\n•  if their psoriasis has an impact on their mood\n•  if their psoriasis causes them distress (be aware the patient may have levels of distress and not be clinically depressed)\n• if their condition has any impact on their family or carers. \n\nAsk children and young people age-appropriate questions.\n","1.2.1.7"]
[null,"In specialist settings, and if practical in non-specialist settings, use a validated tool to assess the impact of any type of psoriasis on physical, psychological and social wellbeing, for example the:\n• Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI),  for adults or\n•  Children’s Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI) for children and young people.\n","1.2.1.8"]
[null,"When using an assessment tool for a person with any type of psoriasis: \n• take account of their age, any disabilities (such as physical, visual or cognitive impairment), and any language or other communication difficulties, and provide help and support if needed\n•  ensure that the chosen assessment tool continues to be a sufficiently accurate measure.\n","1.2.1.9"]
[null,"Following assessment in a non-specialist setting, refer people for dermatology specialist advice if:\n• there is diagnostic uncertainty or\n•  any type of psoriasis is severe or extensive, for example more than 10% of the body surface area is affected or\n•  any type of psoriasis cannot be controlled with topical therapy or\n•  acute guttate psoriasis requires phototherapy (see recommendation 1.4.1.1) or\n•  nail disease has a major functional or cosmetic impact or\n•  any type of psoriasis is having a major impact on a person’s physical, psychological or social wellbeing.","1.2.1.10"]
[null,"People with generalised pustular psoriasis or erythroderma should be referred immediately for same-day specialist assessment and treatment.","1.2.1.11"]
[null,"Refer children and young people with any type of psoriasis to a specialist at presentation.","1.2.1.12"]
[null,"1.2.2 Assessment and referral for psoriatic arthritis"]
[null,"Offer annual assessment for psoriatic arthritis to people with any type of psoriasis. Assessment is especially important within the first 10 years of onset of psoriasis.","1.2.2.1"]
[null,"Use a validated tool to assess adults for psoriatic arthritis in primary care and specialist settings, for example the Psoriasis Epidemiological Screening Tool (PEST). Be aware that the PEST does not detect axial arthritis or inflammatory back pain.","1.2.2.2"]
[null,"As soon as psoriatic arthritis is suspected, refer the person to a rheumatologist for assessment and advice about planning their care. Also see the NICE guideline on spondyloarthritis in over 16s.","1.2.2.3"]
[null,"1.2.3 Identification of comorbidities"]
[null,"Offer adults with severe psoriasis of any type a cardiovascular risk assessment at presentation using a validated risk estimation tool. Offer further assessment of cardiovascular risk every 5 years, or more frequently if indicated following assessment. For further information see Lipid modification (NICE clinical guideline 67).","1.2.3.1"]
[null,"Discuss risk factors for cardiovascular comorbidities with people who have any type of psoriasis (and their families or carers where appropriate). Where appropriate offer preventative advice, healthy lifestyle information and support for behavioural change tailored to meet the needs of the individual in line with the following NICE guidance:\n• Cardiovascular disease: risk assessment and reduction, including lipid modification (NICE clinical guideline 181) \n• Obesity prevention (NICE clinical guideline 43) \n• Type 2 diabetes prevention: population and community-level interventions (NICE public health guidance 35) \n• Cardiovascular disease prevention (NICE public health guidance 25) \n• Alcohol-use disorders: prevention (NICE public health guidance 24) \n• Stop smoking services (NICE public health guidance 10) \n• Physical activity: brief advice for adults in primary care (NICE public health guidance 44)\n• Physical activity in the workplace (NICE public health guidance 13) \n• Physical activity for children and young people (NICE public health guidance 17).\n","1.2.3.2"]
[null,"For people with multiple comorbidities and/or multimorbidities and any type of psoriasis needing second- or third-line therapy, ensure multidisciplinary working and communication between specialties and, if needed, interdisciplinary team working (for example when both skin and joints are significantly affected).","1.2.3.3"]
[null,"Be aware that psoriasis of any type, especially if severe, is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism in adults, and:\n•  explain this risk to adults with any type of psoriasis\n•  offer advice on how to minimise the risk (for example, during hospital admission, surgery, or periods of immobility)\n• manage the risk in line with Venous thromboembolism: reducing the risk (NICE clinical guideline 92).\n","1.2.3.4"]
[null,"Assess whether people with any type of psoriasis are depressed when assessing disease severity and impact, and when escalating therapy. If appropriate offer information, advice and support in line with Depression in adults with a chronic physical health problem (NICE clinical guideline 91) and Depression in children and young people (NICE clinical guideline 28).","1.2.3.5"]
[null,"1.3 Topical therapy"]
[null,"1.3.1 General recommendations"]
[null,"Offer people with psoriasis topical therapy as first-line treatment.","1.3.1.1"]
[null,"Offer second- or third-line treatment options (phototherapy or systemic therapy) at the same time when topical therapy alone is unlikely to adequately control psoriasis, such as:\n• extensive disease (for example more than 10% of body surface area affected) or \n• at least ‘moderate’ on the static Physician’s Global Assessment or \n• where topical therapy is ineffective, such as nail disease. \n\nSee also recommendations 1.2.1.9; 1.4.1.1; 1.5.2.1; 1.5.3.4; 1.5.3.6; 1.5.3.8 and 1.5.3.10.\n","1.3.1.2"]
[null,"Offer practical support and advice about the use and application of topical treatments. Advice should be provided by healthcare professionals who are trained and competent in the use of topical therapies. Support people to adhere to treatment in line with the NICE guideline on medicines adherence. Also see the NICE guideline on medicines optimisation.","1.3.1.3"]
[null,"When offering topical agents:\n• take into account patient preference, cosmetic acceptability, practical aspects of application and the site(s) and extent of psoriasis to be treated\n• discuss the variety of formulations available and, depending on the person’s preference, use: \n- cream, lotion or gel for widespread psoriasis\n- lotion, solution or gel for the scalp or hair-bearing areas \n- ointment to treat areas with thick adherent scale\n• be aware that topical treatment alone may not provide satisfactory disease control, especially in people with psoriasis that is extensive (for example more than 10% of body surface area affected) or at least ‘moderate’ on the static Physician’s Global Assessment.\n","1.3.1.4"]
[null,"If a person of any age with psoriasis requiring topical therapy has a physical disability, or cognitive or visual impairment offer advice and practical support that take into account the person’s individual needs.","1.3.1.5"]
[null,"Arrange a review appointment 4 weeks after starting a new topical treatment in adults, and 2 weeks after starting a new topical treatment in children, to:\n• evaluate tolerability, toxicity, and initial response to treatment (including measures of severity and impact described in recommendations 1.2.1.3, 1.2.1.6 and 1.2.1.7)\n• reinforce the importance of adherence when appropriate\n• reinforce the importance of a 4 week break between courses of potent/very potent corticosteroids (see recommendation 1.3.1.10). \n\nIf there is little or no improvement at this review, discuss the next treatment option with the person.\n","1.3.1.6"]
[null,"Discuss with people whose psoriasis is responding to topical treatment (and their families or carers where appropriate):\n• the importance of continuing treatment until a satisfactory outcome is achieved (for example clear or nearly clear) or up to the recommended maximum treatment period for corticosteroids (see sections 1.3.2, 1.3.3 and 1.3.4)\n• that relapse occurs in most people after treatment is stopped\n• that after the initial treatment period topical treatments can be used when needed to maintain satisfactory disease control.\n","1.3.1.7"]
[null,"Offer people with psoriasis a supply of their topical treatment to keep at home for the self-management of their condition.","1.3.1.8"]
[null,"In people whose psoriasis has not responded satisfactorily to a topical treatment strategy, before changing to an alternative treatment:\n• discuss with the person whether they have any difficulties with application, cosmetic acceptability or tolerability and where relevant offer an alternative formulation\n• consider other possible reasons for non-adherence in line with Medicines adherence (NICE clinical guideline 76).\n• Also see the NICE guideline on medicines optimisation.\n","1.3.1.9"]
[null,"How to use corticosteroids safely"]
[null,"Be aware that continuous use of potent or very potent corticosteroids may cause:\n• irreversible skin atrophy and striae\n• psoriasis to become unstable\n• systemic side effects when applied continuously to extensive psoriasis (for example more than 10% of body surface area affected). \n\nExplain the risks of these side effects to people undergoing treatment (and their families or carers where appropriate) and discuss how to avoid them.\n","1.3.1.10"]
[null,"Aim for a break of 4 weeks between courses of treatment with potent or very potent corticosteroids. Consider topical treatments that are not steroid-based (such as vitamin D or vitamin D analogues or coal tar) as needed to maintain psoriasis disease control during this period.","1.3.1.11"]
[null,"When offering a corticosteroid for topical treatment select the potency and formulation based on the person’s need.","1.3.1.12"]
[null,"Do not use very potent corticosteroids continuously at any site for longer than 4 weeks.","1.3.1.13"]
[null,"Do not use potent corticosteroids continuously at any site for longer than 8 weeks.","1.3.1.14"]
[null,"Do not use very potent corticosteroids in children and young people.","1.3.1.15"]
[null,"Offer a review at least annually to adults with psoriasis who are using intermittent or short-term courses of a potent or very potent corticosteroid (either as monotherapy or in combined preparations) to assess for the presence of steroid atrophy and other adverse effects.","1.3.1.16"]
[null,"Offer a review at least annually to children and young people with psoriasis who are using corticosteroids of any potency (either as monotherapy or in combined preparations) to assess for the presence of steroid atrophy and other adverse effects.","1.3.1.17"]
[null,"1.3.2 Topical treatment of psoriasis affecting the trunk and limbs"]
[null,"Offer a potent corticosteroid applied once daily plus vitamin D or a vitamin D analogue applied once daily (applied separately, one in the morning and the other in the evening) for up to 4 weeks as initial treatment for adults with trunk or limb psoriasis.","1.3.2.1"]
[null,"If once-daily application of a potent corticosteroid plus once-daily application of vitamin D or a vitamin D analogue does not result in clearance, near clearance or satisfactory control of trunk or limb psoriasis in adults after a maximum of 8 weeks, offer vitamin D or a vitamin D analogue alone applied twice daily.","1.3.2.2"]
[null,"If twice-daily application of vitamin D or a vitamin D analogue does not result in clearance, near clearance or satisfactory control of trunk or limb psoriasis in adults after 8–12 weeks, offer either:\n• a potent corticosteroid applied twice daily for up to 4 weeks or\n•  a coal tar preparation applied once or twice daily.\n","1.3.2.3"]
[null,"If a twice-daily potent corticosteroid or coal tar preparation cannot be used or a once-daily preparation would improve adherence in adults offer a combined product containing calcipotriol monohydrate and betamethasone dipropionate applied once daily for up to 4 weeks.","1.3.2.4"]
[null,"Offer treatment with very potent corticosteroids in adults with trunk or limb psoriasis only: \n• in specialist settings under careful supervision \n•  when other topical treatment strategies have failed\n•  for a maximum period of 4 weeks.\n","1.3.2.5"]
[null,"Consider short-contact dithranol for treatment-resistant psoriasis of the trunk or limbs and either:\n• give educational support for self-use or\n• ensure treatment is given in a specialist setting.\n","1.3.2.6"]
[null,"For children and young people with trunk or limb psoriasis consider either:\n• calcipotriol applied once daily (only for those over 6 years of age) or\n• a potent corticosteroid applied once daily (only for those over 1 year of age)\n","1.3.2.7"]
[null,"1.3.3 Topical treatment of psoriasis affecting the scalp"]
[null,"Offer a potent corticosteroid applied once daily for up to 4 weeks as initial treatment for people with scalp psoriasis.","1.3.3.1"]
[null,"Show people with scalp psoriasis (and their families or carers where appropriate) how to safely apply corticosteroid topical treatment.","1.3.3.2"]
[null,"If treatment with a potent corticosteroid does not result in clearance, near clearance or satisfactory control of scalp psoriasis after 4 weeks consider:\n• a different formulation of the potent corticosteroid (for example, a shampoo or mousse) and/or\n• topical agents to remove adherent scale (for example, agents containing salicylic acid, emollients and oils) before application of the potent corticosteroid.\n","1.3.3.3"]
[null,"If the response to treatment with a potent corticosteroid for scalp psoriasis remains unsatisfactory after a further 4 weeks of treatment offer:\n• a combined product containing calcipotriol monohydrate and betamethasone dipropionate applied once daily for up to 4 weeks or\n• vitamin D or a vitamin D analogue applied once daily (only in those who cannot use steroids and with mild to moderate scalp psoriasis).\n","1.3.3.4"]
[null,"If continuous treatment with either a combined product containing calcipotriol monohydrate and betamethasone dipropionate applied once daily or vitamin D or a vitamin D analogue applied once daily for up to 8 weeks does not result in clearance, near clearance or satisfactory control of scalp psoriasis offer:\n• a very potent corticosteroid applied up to twice daily for 2 weeks for adults only or\n• coal tar applied once or twice daily or\n• referral to a specialist for additional support with topical applications and/or advice on other treatment options.\n","1.3.3.5"]
[null,"Consider topical vitamin D or a vitamin D analogue alone for the treatment of scalp psoriasis only in people who:\n• are intolerant of or cannot use topical corticosteroids at this site or \n• have mild to moderate scalp psoriasis.\n","1.3.3.6"]
[null,"Do not offer coal tar-based shampoos alone for the treatment of severe scalp psoriasis.","1.3.3.7"]
[null,"1.3.4 Topical treatment of psoriasis affecting the face, flexures and genitals"]
[null,"Offer a short-term mild or moderate potency corticosteroid applied once or twice daily (for a maximum of 2 weeks) to people with psoriasis of the face, flexures or genitals.","1.3.4.1"]
[null,"Be aware that the face, flexures and genitals are particularly vulnerable to steroid atrophy and that corticosteroids should only be used for short-term treatment of psoriasis (1–2 weeks per month). Explain the risks to people undergoing this treatment (and their families or carers where appropriate) and how to minimise them.","1.3.4.2"]
[null,"For adults with psoriasis of the face, flexures or genitals if the response to short-term moderate potency corticosteroids is unsatisfactory, or they require continuous treatment to maintain control and there is serious risk of local corticosteroid-induced side effects, offer a calcineurin inhibitor applied twice daily for up to 4 weeks. Calcineurin inhibitors should be initiated by healthcare professionals with expertise in treating psoriasis.","1.3.4.3"]
[null,"Do not use potent or very potent corticosteroids on the face, flexures or genitals.","1.3.4.4"]
[null,"When prescribing topical agents at facial, flexural and genital sites take into account that they may cause irritation and inform people undergoing treatment (and their families and carers where appropriate) of these risks and how to minimise them. See also recommendation 1.3.4.2.","1.3.4.5"]
[null,"1.4 Phototherapy (broad- or narrow-band UVB light and (PUVA)"]
[null,"Offer narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy to people with plaque or guttate-pattern psoriasis that cannot be controlled with topical treatments alone. Treatment with narrowband UVB phototherapy can be given 3 or 2 times a week depending on patient preference. Tell people receiving narrowband UVB that a response may be achieved more quickly with treatment 3 times a week.","1.4.1.1"]
[null,"Offer alternative second- or third-line treatment when: \n• narrowband UVB phototherapy results in an unsatisfactory response or is poorly tolerated or\n• there is a rapid relapse following completion of treatment (rapid relapse is defined as greater than 50% of baseline disease severity within 3 months) or \n• accessing treatment is difficult for logistical reasons (for example, travel, distance, time off work or immobility) or\n• the person is at especially high risk of skin cancer.\n","1.4.1.2"]
[null,"Consider psoralen  (oral or topical) with local ultraviolet A (PUVA) irradiation to treat palmoplantar pustulosis.","1.4.1.3"]
[null,"When considering PUVA for psoriasis (plaque type or localised palmoplantar pustulosis) discuss with the person:\n• other treatment options\n• that any exposure is associated with an increased risk of skin cancer (squamous cell carcinoma)\n• that subsequent use of ciclosporin may increase the risk of skin cancer, particularly if they have already received more than 150 PUVA treatments\n• that risk of skin cancer is related to the number of PUVA treatments.\n","1.4.1.4"]
[null,"Do not routinely offer co-therapy with acitretin when administering PUVA.","1.4.1.5"]
[null,"Consider topical adjunctive therapy in people receiving phototherapy with broadband or narrowband UVB who:\n• have plaques at sites that are resistant or show an inadequate response (for example, the lower leg) to phototherapy alone, or at difficult-to-treat or high-need, covered sites (for example, flexures and the scalp), and/or\n• do not wish to take systemic drugs or in whom systemic drugs are contraindicated.\n","1.4.1.6"]
[null,"Do not routinely use phototherapy (narrowband UVB, broadband UVB or PUVA) as maintenance therapy.","1.4.1.7"]
[null,"Ensure that all phototherapy equipment is safety-checked and maintained in line with local and national policy.","1.4.1.8"]
[null,"Healthcare professionals who are giving phototherapy should be trained and competent in its use and should ensure an appropriate clinical governance framework is in place to promote adherence to the indications for and contraindications to treatment, dosimetry and national policy on safety standards for phototherapy.","1.4.1.9"]
[null,"1.4.2 Risk of skin cancer and how to minimise risk"]
[null,"Do not use PUVA in people with psoriasis of any type and a genetic predisposition to skin cancer for example, xeroderma pigmentosum or familial melanoma.","1.4.2.1"]
[null,"Do not use PUVA when other appropriate treatments are available in:\n• people with a personal history of skin cancer or \n• people who have already received 150 PUVA treatments or\n• children.\n","1.4.2.2"]
[null,"Use PUVA with caution or consider other treatment options in:\n• people at risk of skin cancer (melanoma and non-melanoma type) (see ‘Improving outcomes for people with skin tumours including melanoma’ [NICE cancer service guidance])\n• people with lighter skin types, such as skin types I or II on the Fitzpatrick scale \n• people who are likely to require ciclosporin or long-term methotrexate\n• young people.\n","1.4.2.3"]
[null,"1.4.2.4 Offer lifetime skin cancer surveillance to people treated with PUVA who have:\n• had more than 150 PUVA treatments or\n• developed skin cancer.\n","1.4.2.4"]
[null,"Ensure that a permanent record of the person’s cumulative number of UV treatments is kept (for example, in a national record).","1.4.2.5"]
[null,"1.5 Systemic therapy"]
[null,"1.5.1 General recommendations"]
[null,"Responsibility for use of systemic therapy should be in specialist settings only. Certain aspects of supervision and monitoring may be delegated to other healthcare professionals and completed in non-specialist settings, in which case, such arrangements should be formalised.","1.5.1.1"]
[null,"When offering systemic therapy, tailor the choice of agent and dosing schedule to the needs of the individual and include consideration of:\n• the person’s age\n• disease phenotype, pattern of activity and previous treatment history\n• disease severity and impact\n• the presence of psoriatic arthritis (in consultation with a rheumatologist)\n• conception plans\n• comorbidities\n• the person’s views.\n","1.5.1.2"]
[null,"Be aware of the benefits of, contraindications to and adverse effects associated with systemic treatments. Explain the risks and benefits to people undergoing this treatment (and their families or carers where appropriate), using absolute risks and natural frequencies when possible. Support and advice should be provided by healthcare professionals who are trained and competent in the use of systemic therapies.","1.5.1.3"]
[null,"When reviewing response to systemic therapy, take into account:\n• disease severity compared with baseline (for example, PASI baseline to endpoint score)\n• control of psoriatic arthritis disease activity (in consultation with a rheumatologist if necessary)\n• the impact of the disease on the person’s physical, psychological and social wellbeing\n• the benefits versus the risks of continued treatment\n• the views of the person undergoing treatment (and their family or carers where appropriate).\n","1.5.1.4"]
[null,"Monitor people using systemic treatment for all types of psoriasis in accordance with national and local drug guidelines and policy. Take appropriate action in the event of laboratory abnormalities or adverse events.","1.5.1.5"]
[null,"Offer adjunctive topical therapy to people with psoriasis using systemic therapy to optimise treatment outcomes.","1.5.1.6"]
[null,"Offer people with psoriasis who are starting treatment with a systemic non-biological or biological drug the opportunity to participate in long-term safety registries (for example the British Association of Dermatologists Biologic Interventions Register).","1.5.1.7"]
[null,"1.5.2 Systemic non-biological therapy"]
[null,"Offer systemic non-biological therapy to people with any type of psoriasis if:\n• it cannot be controlled with topical therapy and\n• it has a significant impact on physical, psychological or social wellbeing and\n• one or more of the following apply:\n- psoriasis is extensive (for example, more than 10% of body surface area affected or a PASI score of more than 10) or\n- psoriasis is localised and associated with significant functional impairment and/or high levels of distress (for example severe nail disease or involvement at high-impact sites) or\n- phototherapy has been ineffective, cannot be used or has resulted in rapid relapse (rapid relapse is defined as greater than 50% of baseline disease severity within 3 months).\n","1.5.2.1"]
[null,"Choice of drugs"]
[null,"Offer methotrexate as the first choice of systemic agent for people with psoriasis who fulfil the criteria for systemic therapy (see previous recommendation 1.5.2.1) except in the circumstances described in recommendations 1.5.2.4 and 1.5.2.12.","1.5.2.2"]
[null,"In people with both active psoriatic arthritis and any type of psoriasis that fulfils the criteria for systemic therapy (see recommendation 1.5.2.1) consider the choice of systemic agent in consultation with a rheumatologist.","1.5.2.3"]
[null,"Offer ciclosporin as the first choice of systemic agent for people who fulfil the criteria for systemic therapy (see recommendation 1.5.2.1) and who:\n• need rapid or short-term disease control (for example a psoriasis flare) or\n• have palmoplantar pustulosis or\n• are considering conception (both men and women) and systemic therapy cannot be avoided.\n","1.5.2.4"]
[null,"Consider changing from methotrexate to ciclosporin (or vice-versa) when response to the first-choice systemic treatment is inadequate.","1.5.2.5"]
[null,"Consider acitretin for adults, and in exceptional cases only for children and young people, in the following circumstances:\n• if methotrexate and ciclosporin are not appropriate or have failed or \n• for people with pustular forms of psoriasis.\n","1.5.2.6"]
[null,"Drug regimens"]
[null,"Use incremental dosing of methotrexate (for example, starting with an initial dose of 5–10 mg once a week) and gradually increase up to an effective dose and a maximum of 25 mg a week. Assess the treatment response after 3 months at the target dose of methotrexate and stop treatment if the response is inadequate (for example, a decrease of less than 75% in PASI score or a decrease of less than 50% in PASI score and 5 points in DLQI score).","1.5.2.7"]
[null,"Use the lowest possible therapeutic dose of methotrexate to maintain remission.","1.5.2.8"]
[null,"Use 2.5–3 mg/kg a day of ciclosporin. Escalate to 5 mg/kg a day after 4 weeks only when there is no response to the lower dose or when rapid disease control is necessary (for example in severe unstable disease). Assess the treatment response after 3 months at the optimum dose of ciclosporin and stop treatment if the response is inadequate (for example, less than a 75% decrease in PASI score or less than a 50% decrease in PASI score and less than 5 points in DLQI score).","1.5.2.9"]
[null,"Use the lowest possible therapeutic dose of ciclosporin to maintain remission for up to 1 year. Consider other treatment options when disease relapses rapidly on stopping ciclosporin therapy (rapid relapse is defined as greater than 50% of baseline disease severity within 3 months of stopping treatment). Do not use ciclosporin continuously for more than 1 year unless disease is severe or unstable and other treatment options, including systemic biological therapy, cannot be used.","1.5.2.10"]
[null,"Use incremental dosing of acitretin to minimise mucocutaneous side effects and achieve a target dose of 25 mg daily in adults. Consider dose escalation to a maximum of 50 mg daily when no other treatment options are available. Assess the treatment response after 4 months at the optimum dose of acitretin and stop treatment if the response is inadequate, for example: \n• in plaque-type psoriasis, less than a 75% decrease in PASI score or less than a 50% decrease in PASI score and less than 5 points in DLQI score \n• in pustular forms of psoriasis, not achieving clear or nearly clear on the static Physician’s Global Assessment.\n","1.5.2.11"]
[null,"Methotrexate and risk of hepatotoxicity"]
[null,"When considering the risks and benefits of treating any type of psoriasis with methotrexate, be aware that methotrexate can cause a clinically significant rise in transaminases and that long-term therapy may be associated with liver fibrosis (see recommendations 1.5.2.13 to 1.5.2.16).","1.5.2.12"]
[null,"Methotrexate and monitoring for hepatotoxicity"]
[null,"Before and during methotrexate treatment, offer the person with any type of psoriasis an evaluation for potential risk of hepatotoxicity. Use standard liver function tests and serial serum procollagen III levels to monitor for abnormalities during treatment with methotrexate, taking into account pre-existing risk factors (for example obesity, diabetes and alcohol use), baseline results and trends over time.","1.5.2.13"]
[null,"When using serum procollagen III levels to exclude liver fibrosis or cirrhosis, be aware that the:\n• test cannot be used in children and young people\n• results may be unreliable in people with psoriatic arthritis\n• estimated positive predictive value is 23–95% and the estimated negative predictive value is 89–100%.\n","1.5.2.14"]
[null,"Provide advice on modifiable risk factors for liver disease prior to and during therapy, including alcohol intake and weight reduction if appropriate in line with Alcohol-use disorders: preventing harmful drinking (NICE public health guidance 24), and Obesity (NICE clinical guideline 43). For further advice on how to support attitude and behavioural change see Behaviour change (NICE public health guidance 6).","1.5.2.15"]
[null,"Seek timely specialist advice and consider referral to a clinician with expertise in liver disease if the results of liver tests are abnormal.","1.5.2.16"]
[null,"1.5.3 Systemic biological therapy"]
[null,"Biological agents for psoriasis should be initiated and supervised only by specialist physicians experienced in the diagnosis and treatment of psoriasis.","1.5.3.1"]
[null,"If a person has both psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, take into account both conditions before initiating or making changes to biological therapy and manage their treatment in consultation with a rheumatologist (see also the NICE technology appraisal guidance on etanercept, infliximab and adalimumab for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis, ustekinumab for treating active psoriatic arthritis, certolizumab pegol and secukinumab for treating active psoriatic arthritis after inadequate response to DMARDs and golimumab for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis, and the NICE guideline on spondyloarthritis in over 16s).","1.5.3.2"]
[null,"When using the DLQI, healthcare professionals should take into account any physical, sensory or learning disabilities, or communication difficulties that could affect the responses to the DLQI and make any adjustments they consider appropriate.","1.5.3.3"]
[null,"Changing to an alternative biological drug"]
[null,"Consider changing to an alternative biological drug in adults if:\n• the psoriasis does not respond adequately to a first biological drug as defined in NICE technology appraisals (at 10 weeks after starting treatment for infliximab, 12 weeks for etanercept, ixekizumab and secukinumab, and 16 weeks for adalimumab and ustekinumab; primary failure) or \n• the psoriasis initially responds adequately but subsequently loses this response, (secondary failure) or \n• the first biological drug cannot be tolerated or becomes contraindicated.\n","1.5.3.4"]
[null,"For adults in whom there is an inadequate response to a second biological drug, seek supra-specialist advice from a clinician with expertise in biological therapy.","1.5.3.5"]