Acute heart failure: diagnosis and management

Dopamine: In people with acute heart failure, congestion and worsening renal function, does the addition of low‑dose dopamine to standard therapy lead to greater diuresis and renal protection compared with adding placebo to standard therapy?

Thiazide: In people with acute heart failure and persistent congestion, does the addition of a thiazide diuretic to standard therapy lead to greater diuresis compared with adding placebo to standard therapy?

Intra-aortic balloon counter‑pulsation: In people with acute heart failure and hypoperfusion syndrome, is the use of intra‑aortic balloon counter‑pulsation pump (IABP) better than the use of intravenous inotropes?

Ultrafiltration: In people with decompensated heart failure, fluid congestion and diuretic resistance, does ultrafiltration lead to more rapid and effective decongestion compared with continuing diuretic treatment?