Research recommendation(s) from an individual piece of guidance Guidance: Electrical stimulation of the lower oesophageal sphincter for treating gastro-oesophageal reflux disease Date issued: 16 December 2015 Research recommendations coming out of this guidance Current evidence on the safety and efficacy of electrical stimulation of the lower oesophageal sphincter for treating gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is limited in quantity and quality. Therefore, this procedure should only be used in the context of research.