Quality standard
Quality statement 4: Checks for injury after an inpatient fall
Quality statement 4: Checks for injury after an inpatient fall
Quality statement
Older people who fall during a hospital stay are checked for signs or symptoms of fracture and potential for spinal injury before they are moved. [2015]
Rationale
When a person falls, it is important that they are assessed and examined promptly to see if they are injured. This will help to inform decisions about safe handling and ensure that any injuries are treated in a timely manner. Checks for injury should be included in a post-fall protocol that is followed for all older people who fall during a hospital stay.
Quality measures
The following measures can be used to assess the quality of care or service provision specified in the statement. They are examples of how the statement can be measured, and can be adapted and used flexibly.
Structure
Evidence of local arrangements to ensure that hospitals have a post-fall protocol that includes checks for signs or symptoms of fracture and potential for spinal injury before the older person is moved.
Data source: Local data collection. Results for 2011 were collected by the pilot audit by the Royal College of Physicians (2012) Report of the 2011 inpatient falls pilot audit, section 2: Policy, protocol and paperwork, table 2.5.1 (a).
Process
Proportion of falls by older people during a hospital stay where the person is checked for signs or symptoms of fracture and potential for spinal injury before they are moved.
Numerator – the number in the denominator where the person is checked for signs or symptoms of fracture and potential for spinal injury before they are moved.
Denominator – the number of falls in older people during a hospital stay.
Data source: Local data collection.
What the quality statement means for different audiences
Service providers (NHS organisations with inpatient beds, such as district hospitals, mental health trusts and specialist hospitals) ensure that staff have access to and follow a post-fall protocol that includes undertaking checks for signs or symptoms of fracture and potential for spinal injury before moving an older person who has fallen.
Healthcare professionals check older people who fall in hospital for signs or symptoms of fracture and potential for spinal injury before moving them.
Commissioners (clinical commissioning groups and NHS England) ensure that they commission services from providers that have a post-fall protocol that includes undertaking checks for signs or symptoms of fracture and potential for spinal injury before moving an older person who has fallen.
Older people who fall in hospital are checked for fractures and possible injury to their spine before they are moved.
Source guidance
National Patient Safety Agency. Rapid response report: Essential care after an inpatient fall (2011), recommendation 1
Definitions of terms used in this quality statement
Fall
A fall is defined as an event which causes a person to, unintentionally, rest on the ground or other lower level. [NICE's clinical knowledge summary on falls – risk assessment]
Post-fall protocol
A post-fall protocol should include:
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checks by healthcare professionals for signs or symptoms of fracture and potential for spinal injury before the patient is moved
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safe manual handling methods for patients with signs or symptoms of fracture or potential for spinal injury (community hospitals and mental health units without the necessary equipment or staff expertise may be able to achieve this in collaboration with emergency services)
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frequency and duration of neurological observations for all patients where head injury has occurred or cannot be excluded (for example, unwitnessed falls) based on the NICE guideline on head injury
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timescales for medical examination after a fall (including fast-track assessment for patients who show signs of serious injury, are highly vulnerable to injury or have been immobilised); medical examination should be completed within a maximum of 12 hours, or 30 minutes if fast-tracked.
The post-fall protocol should be easily accessible (for example, laminated versions at nursing stations). [Adapted from the National Patient Safety Agency's rapid response report on essential care after an inpatient fall, recommendations 1 and 2, and expert consensus]