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    Methods

    NICE identified studies and reviews relevant to percutaneous deep venous arterialisation for CLTI from the medical literature. The following databases were searched between the date they started to 17 October 2022: MEDLINE, PREMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and other databases. Trial registries and the internet were also searched (see the literature search strategy). Relevant published studies identified during consultation or resolution that are published after this date may also be considered for inclusion.

    The following inclusion criteria were applied to the abstracts identified by the literature search.

    • Publication type: clinical studies were included with emphasis on identifying good quality studies. Abstracts were excluded if they did not report clinical outcomes. Reviews, editorials, and laboratory or animal studies, were also excluded and so were conference abstracts, because of the difficulty of appraising study methodology, unless they reported specific adverse events that not available in the published literature.

    • Patients with CLTI.

    • Intervention or test: PDVA.

    • Outcome: articles were retrieved if the abstract contained information relevant to the safety, efficacy, or both.

    If selection criteria could not be determined from the abstracts the full paper was retrieved.

    Potentially relevant studies not included in the main evidence summary are listed in the section on other relevant studies.

    Find out more about how NICE selects the evidence for the committee.

    Table 4 literature search strategy

    Databases

    Date searched

    Version/files

    MEDLINE (Ovid)

    17/10/2022

    1946 to October 14, 2022

    MEDLINE In-Process (Ovid)

    17/10/2022

    1946 to October 14, 2022

    MEDLINE Epubs ahead of print (Ovid)

    17/10/2022

    October 14, 2022

    EMBASE (Ovid)

    17/10/2022

    1974 to 2022 October 14

    EMBASE Conference (Ovid)

    17/10/2022

    1974 to 2022 October 14

    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews – CDSR (Cochrane Library)

    17/10/2022

    Issue 10 of 12, October 2022

    Cochrane Central Database of Controlled Trials – CENTRAL (Cochrane Library)

    17/10/2022

    Issue 10 of 12, October 2022

    International HTA database (INAHTA)

    17/10/2022

    n/a

    Trial sources searched

    • Clinicaltrials.gov

    • ISRCTN

    • WHO International Clinical Trials Registry

    Websites searched

    • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)

    • NHS England

    • Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - MAUDE database

    • Australian Safety and Efficacy Register of New Interventional Procedures – Surgical (ASERNIP – S)

    • Australia and New Zealand Horizon Scanning Network (ANZHSN)

    • General internet search

    The following search strategy was used to identify papers in MEDLINE. A similar strategy was used to identify papers in other databases.

    MEDLINE search strategy

    1 Peripheral Arterial Disease/

    2 Arteriosclerosis Obliterans/

    3 Thromboangiitis Obliterans/

    4 ((peripheral adj4 arter* adj4 diseas*) or (arterioscler* adj4 obliterans) or (thromboang* adj4 obliterans) or buerger*).tw.

    5 (CLI or CLTI).tw.

    6 exp Ischemia/ and Lower Extremity/

    7 ((Critical or chronic) adj4 limb* adj4 isch*).tw.

    8 (desert adj4 foot).tw.

    9 Aneurysm/ and Popliteal Artery/

    10 ("Popliteal arter* aneurysm*" and thrombos* and distal).tw.

    11 or/1-10

    12 ((percutaneous or endovascular*) adj4 deep adj4 (vein* or venous) adj4 (arterialisation or arterialization)).tw.

    13 percutaneous DVA.tw.

    14 endovascular* DVA.tw.

    15 (pDVA or eDVA).tw.

    16 Arteriovenous Fistula/

    17 (Arterio-venous fistula* or arteriovenous fistula* or A-V fistula* or AVF).tw.

    18 (Arterio-venous aneurysm* or arteriovenous aneurysm* or A-V aneurysm*).tw.

    19 (Arterio-venous connect* or arteriovenous connect* or A-V connect*).tw.

    20 (Limb* adj4 (sparing or spare or save or saving or salvag* or preserv*) adj4 (technique* or method* or procedure*)).tw. 1189

    21 or/12-20

    22 11 and 21

    23 LimFlow.tw.

    24 22 or 23

    25 animals/ not humans/

    26 24 not 25