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    The content on this page is not current guidance and is only for the purposes of the consultation process.

    Indications and current treatment

    Osteoarthritis is characterised by localised loss of cartilage, remodelling of adjacent bone and associated inflammation. Knees are one of the most affected joints, with pain being a significant symptom.

    Various treatments are available for pain due to knee osteoarthritis, including nonpharmacological (such as physiotherapy), pharmacological (such as analgesics and intra-articular corticosteroids) and surgical approaches (such as knee arthroplasty). When nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions do not work or symptoms are severe, surgery may be needed.