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    Interventional procedure overview of percutaneous transluminal renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension

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    The evidence assessed

    Rapid review of literature

    The medical literature was searched to identify studies and reviews relevant to percutaneous transluminal renal sympathetic denervation for resistant hypertension. The following databases were searched, covering the period from their start to 30 March 2022: MEDLINE, PREMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and other databases. Trial registries and the internet were also searched. No language restriction was applied to the searches (see the literature search strategy). Relevant published studies identified during consultation or resolution that are published after this date may also be considered for inclusion.

    The inclusion criteria were applied to the abstracts identified by the literature search. If selection criteria could not be determined from the abstracts the full paper was retrieved.

    Inclusion criteria for identification of relevant studies

    Characteristic

    Criteria

    Publication type

    Clinical studies were included. Emphasis was placed on identifying good quality studies.

    Abstracts were excluded if no clinical outcomes were reported, or if the paper was a review, editorial, or a laboratory or animal study.

    Conference abstracts were also excluded because of the difficulty of appraising study methodology, unless they reported specific adverse events that were not available in the published literature.

    Patient

    Patients with resistant hypertension.

    Intervention/test

    Percutaneous transluminal renal sympathetic denervation using radiofrequency or ultrasound.

    Outcome

    Articles were retrieved if the abstract contained information relevant to the safety and/or efficacy.

    Language

    Non-English-language articles were excluded unless they were thought to add substantively to the English-language evidence base.

    List of studies included in the IP overview

    This IP overview is based on approximately 8,624 patients from 1 Cochrane review (Pisano 2021), 1 meta-analysis (Townsend 2020), 2 RCTs (Kario 2022; Azizi 2021), 1 3-arm randomised trial (Fengler 2019), and 4 case series (registries; Mahfoud 2019; Zweiker 2016; Sharp 2016; Fengler 2021).

    Other studies that were considered to be relevant to the procedure but were not included in the main summary of the key evidence are listed in the appendix.