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    The content on this page is not current guidance and is only for the purposes of the consultation process.

    Methods

    NICE identified studies and reviews relevant to ECCO2R for acute respiratory failure from the medical literature. The following databases were searched between the date they started to 23 February 2022: MEDLINE, PREMEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and other databases. Trial registries and the internet were also searched (see the literature search strategy). Relevant published studies identified during consultation or resolution that are published after this date may also be considered for inclusion.

    The following inclusion criteria were applied to the abstracts identified by the literature search.

    • Publication type: clinical studies were included with emphasis on identifying good quality studies. Abstracts were excluded if they did not report clinical outcomes. Reviews, editorials, and laboratory or animal studies, were also excluded and so were conference abstracts, because of the difficulty of appraising study methodology, unless they reported specific AEs that not available in the published literature.

    • People with acute respiratory failure.

    • Intervention or test: extracorporeal carbon dioxide removal.

    • Outcome: articles were retrieved if the abstract contained information relevant to the safety, efficacy, or both.

    • Because of the volume of papers identified, an additional inclusion criterion of n>10 participants was applied.

    If selection criteria could not be determined from the abstracts the full paper was retrieved.

    Potentially relevant studies not included in the main evidence summary are listed in the section on other relevant studies.

    Find out more about how NICE selects the evidence for the committee.

    Table 4 literature search strategy

    Databases

    Date searched

    Version/files

    MEDLINE (Ovid)

    23/02/2022

    1946 to February 22, 2023

    MEDLINE In-Process (Ovid)

    23/02/2022

    1946 to February 22, 2023

    MEDLINE Epubs ahead of print (Ovid)

    23/02/2022

    February 22, 2023

     

    EMBASE (Ovid)

    23/02/2022

    Embase 1974 to 2023 February 22

    EMBASE Conference (Ovid)

    23/02/2022

    Embase 1974 to 2023 February 22

    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews – CDSR (Cochrane Library)

    23/02/2022

    Issue 2 of 12, February 2023

    Cochrane Central Database of Controlled Trials – CENTRAL (Cochrane Library)

    23/02/2022

    Issue 2 of 12, February 2023

    International HTA database (INAHTA)

    23/02/2022

    -

    Trial sources searched

    • Clinicaltrials.gov

    • ISRCTN

    • WHO International Clinical Trials Registry

    Websites searched

    • National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)

    • NHS England

    • Food and Drug Administration (FDA) - MAUDE database

    • Australian Safety and Efficacy Register of New Interventional Procedures – Surgical (ASERNIP – S)

    • Australia and New Zealand Horizon Scanning Network (ANZHSN)

    • General internet search

    MEDLINE search strategy

    The following search strategy was used to identify papers in MEDLINE. A similar strategy was used to identify papers in other databases. The MEDLINE search strategy was translated for use in the other sources.

    Ovid MEDLINE(R) <1946 to February 22, 2023>

     

    1 extracorporeal circulation/ 13179

    2 (extracorp* adj4 (CO2 or carbon*) adj4 remov*).tw. 434

    3 ((extracorporeal or intervention*) adj4 (lung or lungs) adj4 assist*).tw. 255

    4 (CO2 adj4 remov*).tw. 1375

    5 (carbon* adj4 dioxide adj4 remov*).tw. 770

    6 (respirat* adj4 dialysis).tw. 142

    7 (ECCO2R or AVECCO2R or VVECCO2R or AVCO2R or VVCO2R or AVECO2R or PECLA).tw. 209

    8 or/1-7 15298

    9 Respiratory Insufficiency/ 35496

    10 Respiratory Distress Syndrome/ 24179

    11 Hypercapnia/ 9166

    12 (respirat* adj4 (distress* or depress* or fail* or insufficien*)).tw. 90690

    13 ARDS.tw. 14418

    14 (hypercapni* or hypercabi* or hypox*).tw. 179793

    15 (ventilator* adj4 (fail* or depress*)).tw. 2212

    16 or/9-15 289144

    17 Lung Transplantation/ 17477

    18 (lung adj4 (transplant* or graft*)).tw. 20166

    19 Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/ 49096

    20 (Chronic adj4 Obstruct* adj4 (Lung or pulmonary or airway*) adj4 Disease*).tw. 55470

    21 ((Chronic adj4 Airflow adj4 Obstruct*) or (COAD or COPD)).tw. 49360

    22 or/17-21 100401

    23 16 or 22 380563

    24 8 and 23 1602

    25 (cardiohelp* or novalung* or "iLA activve" or hemolung* or PRISMAlung* or minilung* or prolung* or diapact* or DECAPsmart or CO2RESET or ApherCap or ALung).tw. 202

    26 24 or 25 1736

    27 animals/ not humans/ 5060478

    28 26 not 27 1414

    29 limit 28 to english language 1144