How are you taking part in this consultation?

You will not be able to change how you comment later.

You must be signed in to answer questions

  • Question on Consultation

    1. Do you agree with the proposal not to update the guideline?
    Please could let us know if you agree or disagree (yes/no) and provide with your comments regarding the same
  • Question on Consultation

    1. Do you have any comments on areas excluded from the scope of the guideline?
    Please could let us know if you agree or disagree (yes/no) and also provide with your comments regarding the same
  • Question on Consultation

    1. Do you have any comments on equalities issues?
    Please could let us know if you agree or disagree (yes/no) and also provide with your comments regarding the same
The content on this page is not current guidance and is only for the purposes of the consultation process.

References

1. Heesakkers JF (2012) Applicability of a disposable home urinary flow measuring device as a diagnostic tool in the management of males with lower urinary tract symptoms. Urologia Internationalis 89:166–72

2. Karnes RJF (2012) A noninvasive multianalyte urine-based diagnostic assay for urothelial cancer of the bladder in the evaluation of hematuria. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 87:835–42

3. Pascual EM, Polo A, Morales G, Soto A, Rogel R, Garcia G, et al. (2011) Usefulness of bladder-prostate ultrasound in the diagnosis of obstruction/hyperactivity in males with BPH. Archivos Espanoles de Urologia 64:897–903

4. Tokgoz OT (2012) Diagnostic values of detrusor wall thickness, postvoid residual urine, and prostate volume to evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms in men. Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology 18:277–81

5. Selman LE, Ochieng CA, Lewis AL, Drake MJ, Horwood J (2019) Recommendations for conducting invasive urodynamics for men with lower urinary tract symptoms: Qualitative interview findings from a large randomized controlled trial (UPSTREAM). Neurourology & Urodynamics 38(1):320–9

6. Clement KD, Burden H, Warren K, Lapitan MC, Omar MI, Drake MJ (2015) Invasive urodynamic studies for the management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in men with voiding dysfunction. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (4):cd011179

7. Chartier-Kastler E, Ballanger P, Petit J, Fourmarier M, Bart S, Ragni-Ghazarossian E, et al. (2011) Randomized, crossover study evaluating patient preference and the impact on quality of life of urisheaths vs absorbent products in incontinent men. BJU International 108:241–7

8. Hollingsworth JMR (2013) Determining the noninfectious complications of indwelling urethral catheters: A Systematic review and meta-analysis. Annals of Internal Medicine 159:401–10

9. Jahn P, Beutner K, Langer G (2012) Types of indwelling urinary catheters for long-term bladder drainage in adults.

10. Burgio KLG (2011) Behavioral versus drug treatment for overactive bladder in men: The male overactive bladder treatment in veterans (MOTIVE) trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society 59:2209–16

11. Rai BP, Cody JD, Alhasso A, Stewart L (2012) Anticholinergic drugs versus non-drug active therapies for non-neurogenic overactive bladder syndrome in adults. [Update of Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006;(4):CD003193; PMID: 17054163]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 12:cd003193

12. Moossdorff-Steinhauser HF, Berghmans B (2013) Effects of percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation on adult patients with overactive bladder syndrome: a systematic review. Neurourology & Urodynamics 32:206–14

13. Johnson 2nd TM, Vaughan CP, Goode PS, Bliwise DL, Markland AD, Huisingh C, et al. (2016) Pilot Results from a Randomized Trial in Men Comparing Alpha-Adrenergic Antagonist versus Behavior and Exercise for Nocturia and Sleep. Clinical Therapeutics 28:28

14. Geraerts V I (2013) Influence of preoperative and postoperative pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) compared with postoperative PFMT on urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy: A randomized controlled trial. European Urology 64:766–72

15. Ahmed MTM (2012) Effect of pelvic floor electrical stimulation and biofeedback on the recovery of urinary continence after radical prostatectomy. Turkiye Fiziksel Tip ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi 58:170–6

16. Goode PS, Burgio KL, Johnson TM, Clay OJ, Roth DL, Markland AD, et al. (2011) Behavioral therapy with or without biofeedback and pelvic floor electrical stimulation for persistent postprostatectomy incontinence: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 305:151–9

17. Hou C-PC (2013) Use of the SF-36 quality of life scale to assess the effect of pelvic floor muscle exercise on aging males who received transurethral prostate surgery. Clinical Interventions in Aging 8:673

18. Nilssen SRM (2012) Does physiotherapist-guided pelvic floor muscle training increase the quality of life in patients after radical prostatectomy? A randomized clinical study. Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology 46:397–404

19. Campbell SE, Glazener CM, Hunter KF, Cody JD, Moore KN (2012) Conservative management for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence. [Update of Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(2):CD001843; PMID: 17443512]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 1:cd001843

20. Glazener C, Boachie C, Buckley B, Cochran C, Dorey G, Grant A, et al. (2011) Conservative treatment for urinary incontinence in Men After Prostate Surgery (MAPS): two parallel randomised controlled trials. Health Technology Assessment (Winchester, England) 15:1–iv

21. Glazener C, Boachie C, Buckley B, Cochran C, Dorey G, Grant A, et al. (2011) Urinary incontinence in men after formal one-to-one pelvic-floor muscle training following radical prostatectomy or transurethral resection of the prostate (MAPS): two parallel randomised controlled trials. Lancet 378:328–37

22. Vinsnes AGH (2012) Effect of physical training on urinary incontinence: A randomized parallel group trial in nursing homes. Clinical Interventions in Aging 7:50

23. Tienforti DS (2012) Efficacy of an assisted low-intensity programme of perioperative pelvic floor muscle training in improving the recovery of continence after radical prostatectomy: A randomized controlled trial. BJU International 110:1004–10

24. E.Oner K (2011) Randomized crossover comparison of tamsulosin and alfuzosin in patients with urinary disturbances caused by benign prostatic hyperplasia. International Urology and Nephrology 43:949–54

25. Wilt TJ, MacDonald R, Rutks I (2011) Tamsulosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

26. Yuan JL (2013) The efficacy and safety of alpha-1 blockers for benign prostatic hyperplasia: An overview of 15 systematic reviews. Current Medical Research and Opinion 29:279–87

27. Jeong IG, You D, Yoon JH, Hong S, Lim JH, Hong JH, et al. (2013) Impact of tamsulosin on urinary retention following early catheter removal after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: A prospective randomized controlled trial. Int. J. Urol

28. Oelke MG (2012) Monotherapy with tadalafil or tamsulosin similarly improved lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia in an international, randomised, parallel, placebo-controlled clinical trial. European Urology 61:917–25

29. Singh PS (2012) Efficacy and safety of tamsulosin (0.4 mg) once daily for treating symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 5:87–91

30. Sengupta GH (2011) Comparison of Murraya koenigii- and Tribulus terrestris-Based Oral Formulation Versus Tamsulosin in the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Men Aged >50 Years: A Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Randomized Controlled Trial. Clinical Therapeutics 33:1943–52

31. Singh I P (2013) Comparison of the efficacy and safety of tamsulosin (0.4 mg) v/s (and)finasteride for short-term treatment of patients with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia. International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 5:24–8

32. Capitanio US (2013) Silodosin in the management of lower urinary tract symptoms as a result of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Who are the best candidates. International Journal of Clinical Practice 67:544–51

33. Novara G, Tubaro A, Sanseverino R, Spatafora S, Artibani W, Zattoni F, et al. (2013) Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials evaluating silodosin in the treatment of non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic enlargement. World Journal of Urology 31(4):997–1008

34. Wu YJD (2013) A meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of the new alpha 1A -adrenoceptor-selective antagonist silodosin for treating lower urinary tract symptoms associated with BPH. Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases 16:78–83

35. S.Tiwari K (2013) Prospective randomized placebo-controlled study to assess the safety and efficacy of silodosin in the management of acute urinary retention. Urology 82:171–5

36. Kaplan SAR (2011) Effect of estimated prostate volume on silodosin-mediated improvements in the signsand symptoms of BPH: Does prostate size matter? Open Access Journal of Urology 3:89–93

37. Marks LSG (2013) Rapid efficacy of the highly selective alpha1A-adrenoceptor antagonist silodosin in men with signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Pooled results of 2 phase 3 studies. Journal of Urology 189:S122–8

38. Cui YZ (2012) The efficacy and safety of silodosin in treating BPH: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Urology and Nephrology 44:1601–9

39. Yu H-JL (2011) Non-inferiority of silodosin to tamsulosin in treating patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BJU International 108:1843–8

40. Yokoyama TH (2012) Comparison of Two Different alpha1-Adrenoceptor Antagonists, Tamsulosin and Silodosin, in the Treatment of Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Suggestive of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Prospective Randomized Crossover Study. LUTS: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms 4:14–8

41. Shirakawa T, Haraguchi T, Shigemura K, Morishita S, Minayoshi K, Miyazaki J, et al. (2013) Silodosin versus naftopidil in Japanese patients with lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized multicenter study. International Journal of Urology 20(9):903–10

42. Chung MS, Lee SH, Park KK, Yoo SJ, Chung BH (2011) Comparative rapid onset of efficacy between doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system and tamsulosin in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms from benign prostatic hyperplasia: a multicentre, prospective, randomised study. International Journal of Clinical Practice 65:1193–9

43. Zhang K, Yu W, Jin J, Ye H, Wang X, Zhang N, et al. (2011) Effect of doxazosin gastrointestinal therapeutic system 4 mg vs tamsulosin 0.2 mg on nocturia in Chinese men with lower urinary tract symptoms: a prospective, multicenter, randomized, open, parallel study. Urology 78:636–40

44. Wilt TJ, Howe RW, Rutks I, MacDonald R (2011) Terazosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

45. Guang-Jun D, Feng-Bin G, Xun-Bo J (2015) Alpha1-blockers in the management of acute urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Irish Journal of Medical Science 184(1):23–30

46. Fusco F, Palmieri A, Ficarra V, Giannarini G, Novara G, Longo N, et al. (2016) alpha1-Blockers Improve Benign Prostatic Obstruction in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Urodynamic Studies. European Urology 69(6):1091–101

47. Novara G, Chapple CR, Montorsi F (2014) A pooled analysis of individual patient data from registrational trials of silodosin in the treatment of non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). BJU International 114(3):427–33

48. Jung JH, Kim J, Macdonald R, Reddy B, Kim MH, Dahm P (2017) Silodosin for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2017(11)

49. Marks L, Gittelman M, Hill L, Volinn W, Hoel G (2013) Rapid efficacy of the highly selective ?(1A)-adrenoceptor antagonist silodosin in men with signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia: pooled results of 2 phase 3 studies. Journal of urology 189(1suppl):S122-8

50. Eisenhardt A, Schneider T, Cruz F, Oelke M (2014) Consistent and significant improvement of nighttime voiding frequency (nocturia) with silodosin in men with LUTS suggestive of BPH: pooled analysis of three randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase III studies. World Journal of Urology 32(5):1119–25

51. Pande S, Hazra A, Kundu AK (2014) Evaluation of silodosin in comparison to tamsulosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized controlled trial. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 46(6):601–7

52. Kumar S, Tiwari D, Ganesamoni R, Singh S (2013) Prospective randomized placebo-controlled study to assess the safety and efficacy of silodosin in the management of acute urinary retention. Urology 82(1):171–5

53. Manohar CMS, Nagabhushana M, Karthikeyan VS, Sanjay RP, Kamath AJ, Keshavamurthy R (2017) Safety and efficacy of tamsulosin, alfuzosin or silodosin as monotherapy for LUTS in BPH - a double-blind randomized trial. Central European Journal of Urology 70(2):148–53

54. Patil SB, Ranka K, Kundargi VS, Guru N (2017) Comparison of tamsulosin and silodosin in the management of acute urinary retention secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients planned for trial without catheter. A prospective randomized study. Central European Journal of Urology 70(3):259–63

55. Manjunatha R, Pundarikaksha HP, Madhusudhana HR, Amarkumar J, Hanumantharaju BK (2016) A randomized, comparative, open-label study of efficacy and tolerability of alfuzosin, tamsulosin and silodosin in benign prostatic hyperplasia. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 48(2):134–40

56. Wu CK (2013) Dutasteride for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 14:1399–408

57. Loke YKH (2013) Systematic review evaluating cardiovascular events of the 5-alpha reductase inhibitor - Dutasteride. Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics 38:405–15

58. Toren PM (2013) Effect of dutasteride on clinical progression of benign prostatic hyperplasia in asymptomatic men with enlarged prostate: A Post hoc analysis of the REDUCE study. BMJ (Online) 346

59. Na YY (2012) Efficacy and safety of dutasteride in Chinese adults with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study with an open-label extension. Clinical Drug Investigation 32:29–39

60. Bahia LR, Araujo D V, Pepe C, Trindade M, Camargo CM, Javaroni V (2012) Cost-effectiveness analysis of medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia in the Brazilian public health system. International Braz J Urol 38:595–605

61. Kaplan SA, Roehrborn CG, Abrams P, Chapple CR, Bavendam T, Guan Z (2011) Antimuscarinics for treatment of storage lower urinary tract symptoms in men: a systematic review. International Journal of Clinical Practice 65:487–507

62. Nickel JC, Gilling P, Tammela TL, Morrill B, Wilson TH, Rittmaster RS (2011) Comparison of dutasteride and finasteride for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia: the Enlarged Prostate International Comparator Study (EPICS). BJU International 108:388–94

63. Lim SY, Laengvejkal P, Panikkath R, Nugent K (2014) The association of alpha-blockers and 5-alpha reductase inhibitors in benign prostatic hyperplasia with fractures. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 347(6):463–71

64. Kim JH, Baek MJ, Sun HY, Lee B, Li S, Khandwala Y, et al. (2018) Efficacy and safety of 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor monotherapy in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A meta-Analysis. PLoS ONE 13(10)

65. Jun JEJ, Kinkade A, Tung ACH, Tejani AM (2017) 5alpha-reductase inhibitors for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Canadian Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 70(2):113–9

66. Yin T, Qiao Z, Li Y, Li D, Jiang M, An C, et al. (2017) Comparisons of the Efficacy and Safety of Finasteride and Dutasteride for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Network Meta-Analysis. American Journal of Therapeutics 24(5):e517–23

67. Wu XJ, Zhi Y, Zheng J, He P, Zhou XZ, Li WB, et al. (2014) Dutasteride on benign prostatic hyperplasia: a meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials in 6460 patients. Urology 83(3):539–43

68. Oelke M, Roehrborn CG, D'Ancona C, Wilson TH, Castro R, Manyak M (2014) Impact of dutasteride on nocturia in men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH): a pooled analysis of three phase III studies. World Journal of Urology 32(5):1141–7

69. Madhuvrata P, Cody JD, Ellis G, Herbison GP, Hay-Smith EJ (2012) Which anticholinergic drug for overactive bladder symptoms in adults.

70. Corcos J, Angulo JC, Garely AD, Carlsson M, Gong J, Guan Z (2011) Effect of fesoterodine 4 mg on bladder diary and patient-reported outcomes during the first week of treatment in subjects with overactive bladder. Current Medical Research and Opinion 27:1059–65

71. Kaplan SA, Schneider T, Foote JE, Guan Z, Carlsson M, Gong J (2011) Superior efficacy of fesoterodine over tolterodine extended release with rapid onset: a prospective, head-to-head, placebo-controlled trial. BJU International 107:1432–40

72. Kaplan SAR (2012) Add-on fesoterodine for residual storage symptoms suggestive of overactive bladder in men receiving alpha-blocker treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms. BJU International 109:1831–40

73. Staskin D, Khullar V, Michel MC, Morrow JD, Sun F, Guan Z, et al. (2011) Effects of voluntary dose escalation in a placebo-controlled, flexible-dose trial of fesoterodine in subjects with overactive bladder. Neurourology & Urodynamics 30:1480–5

74. Weiss JP, Jumadilova Z, Johnson TM, Fitzgerald MP, Carlsson M, Martire DL, et al. (2013) Efficacy and safety of flexible dose fesoterodine in men and women with overactive bladder symptoms including nocturnal urinary urgency.[Erratum appears in J Urol. 2013 Aug;190(2):816]. Journal of Urology 189:1396–401

75. Dubeau CEM (2012) Efficacy and tolerability of fesoterodine versus tolterodine in older and younger subjects with overactive bladder: A post hoc, pooled analysis from two placebo-controlled trials. Neurourology and Urodynamics 31:1258–65

76. Sand PKH (2012) Long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of fesoterodine in subjects with overactive bladder symptoms stratified by age: Pooled analysis of two open-label extension studies. Drugs and Aging 29:119–31

77. Arlandis-Guzman S, Errando-Smet C, Trocio J, Arumi D, Rejas J (2011) Cost-effectiveness analysis of antimuscarinics in the treatment of patients with overactive bladder in Spain: a decision-tree model. BMC Urology 11:9

78. Cardozo LA (2013) Severity of overactive bladder symptoms and response to dose escalation in a randomized, double-blind trial of solifenacin (SUNRISE). BJU International 111:804–10

79. Herschorn S, Pommerville P, Stothers L, Egerdie B, Gajewski J, Carlson K, et al. (2011) Tolerability of solifenacin and oxybutynin immediate release in older (> 65 years) and younger (? 65 years) patients with overactive bladder: sub-analysis from a Canadian, randomized, double-blind study. Current Medical Research and Opinion 27:375–82

80. Gotoh M, Yokoyama O, Nishizawa O (2011) Propiverine hydrochloride in Japanese patients with overactive bladder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association 18:365–73

81. Armstrong EP, Malone DC, Bui CN (2012) Cost-effectiveness analysis of anti-muscarinic agents for the treatment of overactive bladder. Journal of Medical Economics 15suppl1:35–44

82. MacDiarmid SA, Ellsworth PI, Ginsberg DA, Oefelein MG, Sussman DO (2011) Safety and efficacy of once-daily trospium chloride extended-release in male patients with overactive bladder. Urology 77:24–9

83. Sand PK, Rovner ES, Watanabe JH, Oefelein MG (2011) Once-daily trospium chloride 60 mg extended release in subjects with overactive bladder syndrome who use multiple concomitant medications: Post hoc analysis of pooled data from two randomized, placebo-controlled trials. Drugs & Aging 28:151–60

84. Wagg A, Khullar V, Marschall-Kehrel D, Michel M, Oelke M, Darekar A, et al. (2013) Flexible-dose fesoterodine in elderly adults with overactive bladder: results of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of fesoterodine in an aging population trial. Journal of the american geriatrics society 61(2):185–93

85. Kaplan SA, Cardozo L, Herschorn S, Grenabo L, Carlsson M, Arumi D, et al. (2014) Efficacy and safety of fesoterodine 8 mg in subjects with overactive bladder after a suboptimal response to tolterodine ER. International Journal of Clinical Practice 68(9):1065–73

86. Matsukawa Y, Takai S, Majima T, Funahashi Y, Sassa N, Kato M, et al. (2019) Comparison in the efficacy of fesoterodine or mirabegron add-on therapy to silodosin for patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia complicated by overactive bladder: A randomized, prospective trial using urodynamic studies. Neurourology & Urodynamics 19:19

87. Park C, Park J, Choo MS, Kim JC, Lee JG, Lee JZ, et al. (2014) A randomised, prospective double-blind, propiverine-controlled trial of imidafenacin in patients with overactive bladder. International Journal of Clinical Practice 68(2):188–96

88. Yamaguchi O, Uchida E, Higo N, Minami H, Kobayashi S, Sato H, et al. (2014) Efficacy and safety of once-daily oxybutynin patch versus placebo and propiverine in Japanese patients with overactive bladder: A randomized double-blind trial. International Journal of Urology 21(6):586–93

89. Gacci M, Novara G, De Nunzio C, Tubaro A, Schiavina R, Brunocilla E, et al. (2014) Tolterodine extended release in the treatment of male OAB/storage LUTS: a systematic review. BMC Urology 14:84

90. Liao CH, Kuo HC (2015) How to choose first-line treatment for men with predominant storage lower urinary tract symptoms: a prospective randomised comparative study. International Journal of Clinical Practice 69(1):124–30

91. Dmochowski R, Roehrborn C, Klise S, Xu L, Kaminetsky J, Kraus S (2013) Urodynamic effects of once daily tadalafil in men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to clinical benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, placebo controlled 12-week clinical trial. Journal of urology 189(1suppl):S135-40

92. Porst H, Kim ED, Casabe AR, Mirone V, Secrest RJ, Xu L, et al. (2011) Efficacy and safety of tadalafil once daily in the treatment of men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of an international randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. European Urology 60:1105–13

93. Yokoyama O, Yoshida M, Kim S, Wang C, Imaoka T, Morisaki Y, et al. (2013) Tadalafil once daily for lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized placebo- and tamsulosin-controlled 12-week study in Asian men. International journal of urology 20(2):193–201

94. Brock G, Broderick G, Roehrborn CG, Xu L, Wong D, Viktrup L (2013) Tadalafil once daily in the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men without erectile dysfunction. BJU International 112(7):990–7

95. Yalcinkaya FRD (2012) Urodynamic evaluation of acute effects of sildenafil on voiding among males with erectile dysfunction and symptomatic benign prostate. Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences 42:951–6

96. Maselli G, Bergamasco L, Silvestri V, Gual? L, Pace G, Vicentini C (2011) Tadalafil versus solifenacin for persistent storage symptoms after prostate surgery in patients with erectile dysfunction: a prospective randomized study. International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association 18:515–20

97. Egerdie RBA (2012) Tadalafil 2.5 or 5mg administered once daily for 12 weeks in men with both erectile dysfunction and signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Results of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study. Journal of Sexual Medicine 9:271–81

98. Takeda MN (2012) Tadalafil for the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Japanese Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Results from a 12-week Placebo-controlled Dose-finding Study with a 42-week Open-label Extension. LUTS: Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms 4:110–9

99. Dong Y, Hao L, Shi Z, Wang G, Zhang Z, Han C (2013) Efficacy and safety of tadalafil monotherapy for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a meta-analysis. Urologia Internationalis 91(1):10–8

100. Porst HO (2013) Efficacy and safety of tadalafil 5 mg once daily for lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Subgroup analyses of pooled data from 4 multinational, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical studies. Urology 82:667–73

101. Porst HR (2013) Effects of tadalafil on lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia and on erectile dysfunction in sexually active men with both conditions: Analyses of pooled data from four randomized, placebo-controlled tadalafil clinical stu. Journal of Sexual Medicine 10:2044–52

102. Pattanaik S, Panda A, Mathew JL, Agarwal MM, Hwang EC, Lyon JA, et al. (2018) Phosphodiesterase inhibitors for lower urinary tract symptoms consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2018(11)

103. Sun HY, Lee B, Kim JH (2018) Factors affecting the efficacy and safety of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor and placebo in treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms: meta-analysis and meta-regression. International Urology & Nephrology 50(1):35–47

104. Gacci M, Andersson KE, Chapple C, Maggi M, Mirone V, Oelke M, et al. (2016) Latest Evidence on the Use of Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors for the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. European Urology 70(1):124–33

105. Nishizawa O, Yoshida M, Takeda M, Yokoyama O, Morisaki Y, Murakami M, et al. (2015) Tadalafil 5 mg once daily for the treatment of Asian men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: analyses of data pooled from three randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. International Journal of Urology 22(4):378–84

106. Takeda M, Yokoyama O, Lee SW, Murakami M, Morisaki Y, Viktrup L (2014) Tadalafil 5 mg once-daily therapy for men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial carried out in Japan and Korea. International Journal of Urology 21(7):670–5

107. Chapple CR, Roehrborn CG, McVary K, Ilo D, Henneges C, Viktrup L (2015) Effect of tadalafil on male lower urinary tract symptoms: An integrated analysis of storage and voiding international prostate symptom subscores from four randomised controlled trials. European Urology 67(1):114–22

108. Urakami S, Ogawa K, Oka S, Hagiwara K, Nagamoto S, Anjiki H, et al. (2018) Effect of tadalafil add-on therapy in patients with persistant storage symptoms refractory to alpha1 -adrenoceptor antagonist monotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia: A randomized pilot trial comparing tadalafil and solifenacin. Luts 24:24

109. Oelke M, Weiss JP, Mamoulakis C, Cox D, Ruff D, Viktrup L (2014) Effects of tadalafil on nighttime voiding (nocturia) in men with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a post hoc analysis of pooled data from four randomized, placebo-controlled clinical studies. World Journal of Urology 32(5):1127–32

110. Pattanaik S, Sandhu H, Mavuduru R, Singh S, Mandal A (2019) Efficacy of tamsulosin and tadalafil in relieving benign prostatic hyperplasia related symptoms: A randomized double blind placebo controlled cross-over study. Indian Journal of Urology 35(1):25–33

111. Fusco F, D'Anzeo G, Sessa A, Pace G, Rossi A, Capece M, et al. (2013) BPH/LUTS and ED: Common Pharmacological Pathways for a Common Treatment. J. Sex Med 10:2382–93

112. (2011) Oral desmopressin effective for nocturnal polyuria in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Journal of the National Medical Association 103:461

113. Weiss JP, Herschorn S, Albei CD, van der Meulen EA (2013) Efficacy and safety of low dose desmopressin orally disintegrating tablet in men with nocturia: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled, parallel group study. Journal of Urology 190(3):965–72

114. Ceylan C, Ceylan T, Doluoglu OG, Yuksel S, Agras K (2013) Comparing the effectiveness of intranasal desmopressin and doxazosin in men with nocturia: a pilot randomized clinical trial. Urology Journal 10(3):993–8

115. Han J, Jung JH, Bakker CJ, Ebell MH, Dahm P (2017) Desmopressin for treating nocturia in men. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 10:cd012059

116. Kim JC, Cho KJ, Lee JG, Seo JT, Kim DY, Oh SJ, et al. (2017) Efficacy and Safety of Desmopressin Add-On Therapy for Men with Persistent Nocturia on alpha-Blocker Monotherapy for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo Controlled Study. Journal of Urology 197(2):459–64

117. Kahokehr V A (2013) Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for lower urinary tract symptoms in benign prostatic hyperplasia: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. BJU International 111:304–11

118. Chapple CR, Amarenco G, Lopez Aramburu MA, Everaert K, Liehne J, Lucas M, et al. (2013) A proof-of-concept study: mirabegron, a new therapy for overactive bladder. Neurourology & Urodynamics 32(8):1116–22

119. S.Barkin H (2013) A phase iii, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, multicentre study to assess the efficacy and safety of the beta3 adrenoceptor agonist, mirabegron, in patients with symptoms of overactive bladder. Urology 82:313–20

120. Khullar V, Amarenco G, Angulo J, Cambronero J, Hoye K, Milsom I, et al. (2013) Efficacy and tolerability of mirabegron, a beta3-adrenoceptor agonist, in patients with overactive bladder: results from a randomised European-Australian phase 3 trial. European urology 63(2):283–95

121. Nitti V, Auerbach S, Martin N, Calhoun A, Lee M, Herschorn S (2013) Results of a randomized phase III trial of mirabegron in patients with overactive bladder. Journal of urology 189(4):1388–95

122. Nitti VWR (2013) Urodynamics and safety of the beta3-adrenoceptor agonist mirabegron in males with lower urinary tract symptoms and bladder outlet obstruction. Journal of Urology 190:1320–7

123. Bhide AA, Digesu GA, Fernando R, Khullar V (2012) Use of mirabegron in treating overactive bladder. International Urogynecology Journal 23:1345–8

124. Nitti VWK (2013) Mirabegron for the treatment of overactive bladder: A prespecified pooled efficacy analysis and pooled safety analysis of three randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase III studies. International Journal of Clinical Practice 67:619–32

125. Chapple CRK (2013) Randomized double-blind, active-controlled phase 3 study to assess 12-month safety and efficacy of mirabegron, a beta3-adrenoceptor agonist, in overactive bladder. European Urology 63:296–305

126. Cornu JN, Merlet B, Ciofu C, Mouly S, Peyrat L, S?be P, et al. (2011) Duloxetine for mild to moderate postprostatectomy incontinence: preliminary results of a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. European Urology 59:148–54

127. Tadayyon F, Izadpanahi M, Aali S, Mazdak H, Khorrami MH (2012) The effect of sublingual isosorbide dinitrate on acute urinary retention due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases & Transplantation 23:782–5

128. Haque N, Masumori N, Sakamoto S, Ye Z, Yoon SJ, Kuo HC, et al. (2018) Superiority of dutasteride 0.5 mg and tamsulosin 0.2 mg for the treatment of moderate-to-severe benign prostatic hyperplasia in Asian men. International Journal of Urology 25(11):944–51

129. Shrestha BB, Karmacharya M (2015) Finasteride and Tamsulosin Combination in Benign Prostatic Enlargement in a Tertiary Hospital. Jnma, Journal of the Nepal Medical Association 53(197):1–4

130. Odusanya BO, Tijani KH, Jeje EA, Ogunjimi MA, Ojewola RW (2017) Short-term Effect of Tamsulosin and Finasteride Monotherapy and their Combination on Nigerian Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Nigerian Journal of Surgery 23(1):5–10

131. Ghadian A, Rezaei M (2017) Combination therapy with omega-3 fatty acids plus tamsulocin and finasteride in the treatment of men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Inflammopharmacology 25(4):451–8

132. Park T, Choi JY (2014) Efficacy and safety of dutasteride for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): a systematic review and meta-analysis. World Journal of Urology 32(4):1093–105

133. Fwu C-WE (2013) Long-term effects of doxazosin, finasteride and combination therapy on quality of life in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Journal of Urology 190:187–93

134. Joo K-JS (2012) Comparison of alpha-blocker monotherapy and alpha-blocker plus 5alpha-reductase inhibitor combination therapy based on prostate volume for treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Journal of International Medical Research 40:899–908

135. Fullhase CC (2013) Systematic review of combination drug therapy for non-neurogenic male lower urinary tract symptoms. European Urology 64:228–43

136. Favilla V, Russo GI, Privitera S, Castelli T, Giardina R, Calogero AE, et al. (2016) Impact of combination therapy 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARI) plus alpha-blockers (AB) on erectile dysfunction and decrease of libido in patients with LUTS/BPH: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Aging Male 19(3):175–81

137. Gacci V M (2012) A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess Safety and Efficacy of Vardenafil 10mg and Tamsulosin 0.4mg vs. Tamsulosin 0.4mg Alone in the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Journal of Sexual Medicine 9:1624–33

138. Madani AH, Afsharimoghaddam A, Roushani A, Farzan A, Asadollahzade A, Shakiba M (2012) Evaluation of Tadalafil effect on lower urinary tract symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia in patients treated with standard medication. International Braz J Urol 38:33–9

139. Regadas R, Reges R, Cerqueira J, Sucupira D, Josino I, Nogueira E, et al. (2013) Urodynamic effects of the combination of tamsulosin and daily tadalafil in men with lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial. International urology and nephrology 45(1):39–43

140. Singh D V, Mete UK, Mandal AK, Singh SK (2013) A Comparative Randomized Prospective Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Combination of Tamsulosin and Tadalafil vs. Tamsulosin or Tadalafil Alone in Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. J. Sex Med

141. Jin Z, Zhang ZC, Liu JH, Lu J, Tang YX, Sun XZ, et al. (2011) An open, comparative, multicentre clinical study of combined oral therapy with sildenafil and doxazosin GITS for treating Chinese patients with erectile dysfunction and lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Asian Journal of Andrology 13:630–5

142. Gacci MC (2012) A systematic review and meta-analysis on the use of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors alone or in combination with alpha-blockers for lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. European Urology 61:994–1003

143. S.Khajuria A (2012) Efficacy and tolerability of tamsulosin alone and in combination with dutasteride in patients of benign prostatic hyperplasia. JK Science 14:134–8

144. Chung B-HL (2012) Comparison of the response to treatment between Asian and Caucasian men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: Long-term results from the combination of dutasteride and tamsulosin study. International Journal of Urology 19:1031–5

145. Haillot OF (2011) The effects of combination therapy with dutasteride plus tamsulosin on clinical outcomes in men with symptomatic BPH: 4-year post hoc analysis of European men in the CombAT study. Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases 14:302–6

146. Montorsi F, Roehrborn C, Garcia-Penit J, Borre M, Roeleveld TA, Alimi JC, et al. (2011) The effects of dutasteride or tamsulosin alone and in combination on storage and voiding symptoms in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): 4-year data from the Combination of Avodart and Tamsulosin (CombAT) s. BJU International 107:1426–31

147. Roehrborn CG, Barkin J, Siami P, Tubaro A, Wilson TH, Morrill BB, et al. (2011) Clinical outcomes after combined therapy with dutasteride plus tamsulosin or either monotherapy in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) by baseline characteristics: 4-year results from the randomized, double-blind Combination of Avodart and Tamsulo. BJU International 107:946–54

148. Roehrborn CG, Barkin J, Tubaro A, Emberton M, Wilson TH, Brotherton BJ, et al. (2013) The influence of baseline parameters on changes in International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) after combined therapy with dutasteride plus tamsulosin or either monotherapy in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and lower urinary tract symptoms (L. BJU Int

149. E.Kowalczyk G (2012) Hemodynamic effects of once-daily tadalafil in men with signs and symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia on concomitant alpha1-adrenergic antagonist therapy: Results of a multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Urology 79:875–82

150. Ozturk MIK (2012) Efficacy of alfuzosin and sildenafil combination in male patients with lower urinary tract symptoms. Andrologia 44:791–5

151. Sharifi SH, Mokarrar MH, Khaledi F, Yamini-Sharif R, Lashay A, Soltani MH (2014) Does sildenafil enhance the effect of tamsulosin in relieving acute urinary retention? International Braz J Urol 40(3):373–8

152. Wang J, Xiao Y, Wang Z, Wang F, Cui X (2015) Combination therapy of Xipayimaizipizi Capsules and Tamsulosin for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Zhonghua nan ke xue [National journal of andrology] 21(11):1005–9

153. Karami H, Hassanzadeh-Hadad A, Fallah-Karkan M (2016) Comparing Monotherapy with Tadalafil or Tamsulosin and Their Combination Therapy in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Urology Journal 13(6):2920–6

154. Singh D V, Mete UK, Mandal AK, Singh SK (2014) A comparative randomized prospective study to evaluate efficacy and safety of combination of tamsulosin and tadalafil vs. tamsulosin or tadalafil alone in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Journal of Sexual Medicine 11(1):187–96

155. Kumar S, Kondareddy C, Ganesamoni R, Nanjappa B, Singh SK (2014) Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess the Efficacy of the Combination Therapy of Alfuzosin and Tadalafil in Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Luts 6(1):35–40

156. Fawzi A, Kamel M, Salem E, Desoky E, Omran M, Elgalaly H, et al. (2017) Sildenafil citrate in combination with tamsulosin versus tamsulosin monotherapy for management of male lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arab Journal of Urology 15(1):53–9

157. Zhang J, Li X, Yang B, Wu C, Fan Y, Li H (2019) Alpha-blockers with or without phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World journal of urology 37(1):143–53

158. Wang XH, Wang X, Shi MJ, Li S, Liu T, Zhang XH (2015) Systematic review and meta-analysis on phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors and alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists used alone or combined for treatment of LUTS due to BPH. Asian Journal of Andrology 17(6):1022–32

159. Choi H, Kim HJ, Bae JH, Kim JH, Moon DG, Cheon J, et al. (2015) A Meta-Analysis of Long- Versus Short-Acting Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors: Comparing Combination Use With alpha-Blockers and alpha-Blocker Monotherapy for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Erectile Dysfunction. International Neurourology Journal 19(4):237–45

160. Ahmed AF, Maarouf A, Shalaby E, Gabr AH, Shahin A, Ghobish A (2015) The impact of adding low-dose oral desmopressin therapy to tamsulosin therapy for treatment of nocturia owing to benign prostatic hyperplasia. World Journal of Urology 33(5):649–57

161. Taha DE, Aboumarzouk OM, Shokeir AA (2018) Oral desmopressin in nocturia with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A systematic review of the literature. Arab Journal of Urology 16(4):404–10

162. Elbendary M, El-Gamal OM, Soliman MG, Tawfik A, Taha MR (2013) Role of combined use of ketoconazole and tamsulosin in management of acute urinary retention due to benign prostatic obstruction (a randomized controlled trial). Prostate Cancer & Prostatic Diseases 16(4):362–6

163. Song CS, Guo J, Chang DG, Chen L, Zhang R, Zhao JY, et al. (2014) Effect of Longbishu capsule () plus doxazosin on benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized controlled trial. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 20(11):818–22

164. Wang X, Wang X, Li S, Meng Z, Liu T, Zhang X (2014) Comparative effectiveness of oral drug therapies for lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 9(9):e107593

165. Casabe A, Roehrborn CG, Da Pozzo LF, Zepeda S, Henderson RJ, Sorsaburu S, et al. (2013) Efficacy and safety of the co-administration of tadalafil once daily with finasteride for 6 months: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in men with lower urinary tract symptoms and prostatic enlargement secondary to benign prostatic hyper. J. Urol

166. Casabe A, Roehrborn CG, Da Pozzo LF, Zepeda S, Henderson RJ, Sorsaburu S, et al. (2014) Efficacy and safety of the coadministration of tadalafil once daily with finasteride for 6 months in men with lower urinary tract symptoms and prostatic enlargement secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. Journal of Urology 191(3):727–33

167. Roehrborn CG, Casabe A, Glina S, Sorsaburu S, Henneges C, Viktrup L (2015) Treatment satisfaction and clinically meaningful symptom improvement in men with lower urinary tract symptoms and prostatic enlargement secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: Secondary results from a 6-month, randomized, double-blind study comparing f. International Journal of Urology 22(6):582–7

168. E.Ates M (2012) Additive role of trospium chloride in the management of men with voiding and storage symptoms. Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Medical Sciences 32:1374–80

169. Sener NC, Ozturk U, Goktug HN, Gucuk A, Nalbant I, Yesil S, et al. (2013) Efficacy and safety of propiverine and terazosine combination for one year in male patients with luts and detrusor overactivity. Int. Braz. J. Urol 39:513–8

170. Chung SD, Chang HC, Chiu B, Liao CH, Kuo HC (2011) The efficacy of additive tolterodine extended release for 1-year in older men with storage symptoms and clinical benign proastatic hyperplasia. Neurourology and Urodynamics 30:568–71

171. Takeda M, Nishizawa O, Gotoh M, Yoshida M, Takahashi S, Masumori N (2013) Clinical efficacy and safety of imidafenacin as add-on treatment for persistent overactive bladder symptoms despite alpha-blocker treatment in patients with BPH: the ADDITION study. Urology 82(4):887–93

172. Filson CP, Hollingsworth JM, Clemens JQ, Wei JT (2013) The efficacy and safety of combined therapy with alpha-blockers and anticholinergics for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a meta-analysis. Journal of Urology 190(6):2153–60

173. Giannitsas KA (2013) Male overactive bladder: Pharmacotherapy for the male. Current Opinion in Urology 23:515–9

174. Lee SHC (2011) Initial combined treatment with anticholinergics and alpha-blockers for men with lower urinary tract symptoms related to BPH and overactive bladder: A prospective, randomized, multi-center, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases 14:320–5

175. Xin ZH (2013) Addition of antimuscarinics to alpha-blockers for treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men: A meta-analysis. Urology 82:270–7

176. Kaplan S, He W, Koltun W, Cummings J, Schneider T, Fakhoury A (2013) Solifenacin plus tamsulosin combination treatment in men with lower urinary tract symptoms and bladder outlet obstruction: a randomized controlled trial. European urology 63(1):158–65

177. Kaplan SAM (2013) Safety and tolerability of solifenacin add-on therapy to alpha-blocker treated men with residual urgency and frequency. Journal of Urology 189:S129–34

178. Van Kerrebroeck PH (2013) Efficacy and Safety of Solifenacin Plus Tamsulosin OCAS in Men with Voiding and Storage Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Results from a Phase 2, Dose-finding Study (SATURN). European Urology 64:398–407

179. Van KP, Chapple C, Drogendijk T, Klaver M, Sokol R, Speakman M, et al. (2013) Combination Therapy with Solifenacin and Tamsulosin Oral Controlled Absorption System in a Single Tablet for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms in Men: Efficacy and Safety Results from the Randomised Controlled NEPTUNE Trial. Eur. Urol 64:1003–12

180. Yamaguchi O, Kakizaki H, Homma Y, Takeda M, Nishizawa O, Gotoh M, et al. (2011) Solifenacin as add-on therapy for overactive bladder symptoms in men treated for lower urinary tract symptoms--ASSIST, randomized controlled study. Urology 78:126–33

181. Konstantinidis CS (2013) Lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: Combined treatment with fesoterodine fumarate extended-release and tamsulosin - A prospective study. Urologia Internationalis 90:156–60

182. Singh PS (2012) Study of therapeutic efficacy & safety of tamsulosin "alone and combination with finasteride" in benign prostatic hyperplasia patients. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 4:418–22

183. Verheggen BGL (2012) Estimating the quality-of-life impact and cost-effectiveness of alpha-blocker and anti-muscarinic combination treatment in men with lower urinary tract symptoms related to benign prostatic hyperplasia and overactive bladder. Journal of Medical Economics 15:586–600

184. Matsukawa Y, Takai S, Funahashi Y, Kato M, Yamamoto T, Gotoh M (2017) Long-term efficacy of a combination therapy with an anticholinergic agent and an alpha1-blocker for patients with benign prostatic enlargement complaining both voiding and overactive bladder symptoms: A randomized, prospective, comparative trial using a u. Neurourology & Urodynamics 36(3):748–54

185. Hao N, Tian Y, Liu W, Wazir R, Wang J, Liu L, et al. (2014) Antimuscarinics and alpha-blockers or alpha-blockers monotherapy on lower urinary tract symptoms--a meta-analysis. Urology 83(3):556–62

186. Kim HJ, Sun HY, Choi H, Park JY, Bae JH, Doo SW, et al. (2017) Efficacy and Safety of Initial Combination Treatment of an Alpha Blocker with an Anticholinergic Medication in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Patients with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms: Updated Meta-Analysis. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 12(1):e0169248

187. Shin YS, Zhang LT, Zhao C, Kim YG, Park JK (2014) Twelve-week, prospective, open-label, randomized trial on the effects of an anticholinergic agent or antidiuretic agent as add-on therapy to an alpha-blocker for lower urinary tract symptoms. Clinical Interventions In Aging 9:1021–30

188. Cho S, Kwon SS, Lee KW, Yoo TK, Shin DG, Kim SW, et al. (2017) A multicenter real-life study of the efficacy of an alpha-blocker with or without anticholinergic agent (imidafenacin) treatment in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms/benign prostatic hyperplasia and storage symptoms. International Journal of Clinical Practice 71(5)

189. Herschorn S, Chapple CR, Abrams P, Arlandis S, Mitcheson D, Lee KS, et al. (2017) Efficacy and safety of combinations of mirabegron and solifenacin compared with monotherapy and placebo in patients with overactive bladder (SYNERGY study). BJU International 120(4):562–75

190. van Kerrebroeck P, Chapple C, Drogendijk T, Klaver M, Sokol R, Speakman M, et al. (2013) Combination therapy with solifenacin and tamsulosin oral controlled absorption system in a single tablet for lower urinary tract symptoms in men: efficacy and safety results from the randomised controlled NEPTUNE trial. European Urology 64(6):1003–12

191. Gao Z, Xin S, Zhang J, Ren X, Shang Y, Zhang W, et al. (2014) Efficacy of combination therapy of tamsulosin and solifenacin for mild and moderate benign prostatic hyperplasia with overactive bladder. Zhonghua nan ke xue [National journal of andrology] 20(3):239–43

192. Lee SH, Byun SS, Lee SJ, Kim KH, Lee JY (2014) Effects of initial combined tamsulosin and solifenacin therapy for overactive bladder and bladder outlet obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective, randomized, multicenter study. International Urology & Nephrology 46(3):523–9

193. Drake MJ, Oelke M, Snijder R, Klaver M, Traudtner K, van Charldorp K, et al. (2017) Incidence of urinary retention during treatment with single tablet combinations of solifenacin+tamsulosin OCASTM for up to 1 year in adult men with both storage and voiding LUTS: A subanalysis of the NEPTUNE/NEPTUNE II randomized controlled studies. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 12(2):e0170726

194. Yamanishi T, Asakura H, Seki N, Tokunaga S (2018) A 52-week multicenter randomized controlled study of the efficacy and safety of add-on dutasteride and imidafenacin to tamsulosin in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia with remaining overactive bladder symptoms (DIrecT study). Luts 24:24

195. Yamanishi T, Asakura H, Seki N, Tokunaga S (2017) Efficacy and safety of combination therapy with tamsulosin, dutasteride and imidafenacin for the management of overactive bladder symptoms associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled trial (DIrecT Study). International Journal of Urology 24(7):525–31

196. Gong M, Dong W, Huang G, Gong Z, Deng D, Qiu S, et al. (2015) Tamsulosin combined with solifenacin versus tamsulosin monotherapy for male lower urinary tract symptoms: a meta-analysis. Current Medical Research & Opinion 31(9):1781–92

197. Lee KW, Hur KJ, Kim SH, Cho SY, Bae SR, Park BH, et al. (2017) Initial Use of High-Dose Anticholinergics Combined with Alpha-Blockers for Male Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms with Overactive Bladder: A Prospective, Randomized Preliminary Study. Luts 9(3):129–33

198. Cho HJ, Shin SC, Seo DY, Cho JM, Kang JY, Yoo TK, et al. (2014) Comparison of alfuzosin 10 mg with or without propiverine 10 mg, 20 mg in men with lower urinary tract symptom and an overactive bladder: randomised, single-blind, prospective study. International Journal of Clinical Practice 68(4):471–7

199. Cai JL, Zhou Z, Yang Y, Yan YF, Jing S, Na YQ (2016) Efficacy and Safety of Medium-to-long-term Use of Tolterodine Extended Release with or without Tamsulosin in Patients with Benign Prostate Hyperplasia and Larger Prostate Size: A Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized Clinical Trial. Chinese Medical Journal 129(24):2899–906

200. Goodarzi DC (2011) Effect of celecoxib on benign prostatic hyperplasia: Results of a preliminary study. Urological Science 22:147–50

201. Gorgel SN, Sefik E, Kose O, Olgunelma V, Sahin E (2013) The effect of combined therapy with tamsulosin hydrochloride and meloxicam in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia symptoms and impact on nocturia and sleep quality. International Braz J Urol 39(5):657–62

202. Ichihara K, Masumori N, Fukuta F, Tsukamoto T, Iwasawa A, Tanaka Y (2015) A randomized controlled study of the efficacy of tamsulosin monotherapy and its combination with mirabegron for overactive bladder induced by benign prostatic obstruction. Journal of Urology 193(3):921–6

203. MacDiarmid S, Al-Shukri S, Barkin J, Fianu-Jonasson A, Grise P, Herschorn S, et al. (2016) Mirabegron as Add-On Treatment to Solifenacin in Patients with Incontinent Overactive Bladder and an Inadequate Response to Solifenacin Monotherapy: Responder Analyses and Patient-Reported Outcomes from the BESIDE Study [corrected]. Journal of Urology 196(3):809–18

204. Drake MJ, Chapple C, Esen AA, Athanasiou S, Cambronero J, Mitcheson D, et al. (2016) Efficacy and Safety of Mirabegron Add-on Therapy to Solifenacin in Incontinent Overactive Bladder Patients with an Inadequate Response to Initial 4-Week Solifenacin Monotherapy: A Randomised Double-blind Multicentre Phase 3B Study (BESIDE). European Urology 70(1):136–45

205. Mitcheson HD, Samanta S, Muldowney K, Pinto CA, Rocha BDA, Green S, et al. (2019) Vibegron (RVT-901/MK-4618/KRP-114V) Administered Once Daily as Monotherapy or Concomitantly with Tolterodine in Patients with an Overactive Bladder: A Multicenter, Phase IIb, Randomized, Double-blind, Controlled Trial [Figure presented]. European Urology 75(2):274–82

206. Thangasamy IAC (2012) Photoselective vaporisation of the prostate using 80-W and 120-W laser versus transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia: A systematic review with meta-analysis from 2002 to 2012. European Urology 62:315–23

207. Ding HD (2012) Photoselective green-light laser vaporisation vs. TURP for BPH: Meta-analysis. Asian Journal of Andrology 14:720–5

208. Zhang XG (2012) Photoselective vaporization versus transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia: A meta-analysis. Journal of Endourology 26:1109–17

209. Teng JZ (2013) Photoselective vaporization with the green light laser vs transurethral resection of the prostate for treating benign prostate hyperplasia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BJU International 111:312–23

210. Capitan C, Blazquez C, Martin MD, Hernandez V, de la Pena E, Llorente C (2011) GreenLight HPS 120-W laser vaporization versus transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized clinical trial with 2-year follow-up. European Urology 60:734–9

211. Mohanty V NK (2012) Photoselective vaporization of prostate vs. transurethral resection of prostate: A prospective, randomized study with one year follow-up. Indian Journal of Urology 28:307–12

212. Lukacs BL (2012) Photoselective vaporization of the prostate with Greenlight 120-W laser compared with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. European Urology 61:1165–73

213. Geavlete BS (2013) Bipolar plasma enucleation of the prostate vs open prostatectomy in large benign prostatic hyperplasia cases - A medium term, prospective, randomized comparison. BJU International 111:793–803

214. Zhang S-YH (2012) Efficacy and safety of bipolar plasma vaporization of the prostate with "button-type" electrode compared with transurethral resection of prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Chinese Medical Journal 125:3811–4

215. Liatsikos E, Kyriazis I, Kallidonis P, Sakellaropoulos G, Maniadakis N (2012) Photoselective GreenLightTM laser vaporization versus transurethral resection of the prostate in Greece: a comparative cost analysis. Journal of Endourology 26:168–73

216. Kang DH, Cho KS, Ham WS, Choi YD, Lee JY (2016) A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Functional Outcomes and Complications Following the Photoselective Vaporization of the Prostate and Monopolar Transurethral Resection of the Prostate. The World Journal of Mens Health 34(2):110–22

217. Zhou Y, Xue B, Mohammad NA, Chen D, Sun X, Yang J, et al. (2016) Greenlight high-performance system (HPS) 120-W laser vaporization versus transurethral resection of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a meta-analysis of the published results of randomized controlled trials. Lasers in Medical Science 31(3):485–95

218. Telli O, Okutucu TM, Suer E, Burgu B, Gulpinar O, Yaman O, et al. (2015) A prospective, randomized comparative study of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate versus photoselective vaporization of the prostate with GreenLight 120-W laser, in prostates less than 80 cc. Therapeutic Advances in Urology 7(1):3–8

219. Purkait B, Sinha RJ, Srinivas KSA, Bansal A, Sokhal AK, Singh V (2017) Outcome analysis of transurethral resection versus potassium titanyl phosphate-photo selective vaporization of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia; a randomized controlled trial with 4 years follow up. Turkish Journal of Urology 43(2):176–82

220. Cetinkaya M, Onem K, Rifaioglu MM, Yalcin V (2015) 980-Nm Diode Laser Vaporization versus Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Randomized Controlled Study. Urology Journal 12(5):2355–61

221. Razzaghi MR, Mazloomfard MM, Mokhtarpour H, Moeini A (2014) Diode laser (980 nm) vaporization in comparison with transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia: randomized clinical trial with 2-year follow-up. Urology 84(3):526–32

222. Kumar A, Vasudeva P, Kumar N, Nanda B, Jha SK, Mohanty N (2013) A prospective randomized comparative study of monopolar and bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate and photoselective vaporization of the prostate in patients who present with benign prostatic obstruction: a single center experience. Journal of Endourology 27(10):1245–53

223. Mordasini L, Di Bona C, Klein J, Mattei A, Wirth GJ, Iselin CE (2018) 80-W GreenLight Laser Vaporization Versus Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Treatment of Benign Prostatic Obstruction: 5-Year Outcomes of a Single-center Prospective Randomized Trial. Urology 116:144–9

224. Sood R, Manasa T, Goel H, Singh RK, Singh R, Khattar N, et al. (2017) Day care bipolar transurethral resection vs photoselective vaporisation under sedoanalgesia: A prospective, randomised study of the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Arab Journal of Urology Print 15(4):331–8

225. Omar MI, Lam TB, Alexander CE, Graham J, Mamoulakis C, Imamura M, et al. (2013) Systematic review and meta-analysis of the clinical effectiveness of bipolar compared with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). BJU Int

226. Akman T, Binbay M, Tekinarslan E, Tepeler A, Akcay M, Ozgor F, et al. (2013) Effects of bipolar and monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate on urinary and erectile function: a prospective randomized comparative study. BJU international 111(1):129–36

227. Giulianelli R, Albanesi L, Attisani F, Gentile B, Vincenti G, Pisanti F, et al. (2013) Comparative randomized study on the efficaciousness of endoscopic bipolar prostate resection versus monopolar resection technique. 3 year follow-up. Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia : organo ufficiale [di] societa italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica 85(2):86–91

228. Huang X, Wang L, Wang XH, Shi HB, Zhang XJ, Yu ZY (2012) Bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate causes deeper coagulation depth and less bleeding than monopolar transurethral prostatectomy. Urology 80:1116–20

229. Mamoulakis C, Schulze M, Skolarikos A, Alivizatos G, Scarpa R, Rassweiler J, et al. (2013) Midterm results from an international multicentre randomised controlled trial comparing bipolar with monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate. European urology 63(4):667–76

230. Mamoulakis CS (2012) Results from an international multicentre double-blind randomized controlled trial on the perioperative efficacy and safety of bipolar vs monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate. BJU International 109:240–8

231. Mendez-Probst CE, Nott L, Pautler SE, Razvi H (2011) A multicentre single-blind randomized controlled trial comparing bipolar and monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate. Can. Urol. Assoc J 5:385–9

232. Xie C-YZ (2012) Five-year follow-up results of a randomized controlled trial comparing bipolar plasmakinetic and monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate. Yonsei Medical Journal 53:734–41

233. Kumar B, Srivastava A, Sinha T (2019) Urethral stricture after bipolar transurethral resection of prostate-truth vs hype: A randomized controlled trial. Indian Journal of Urology 35(1):41–7

234. Tang Y, Li J, Pu C, Bai Y, Yuan H, Wei Q, et al. (2014) Bipolar transurethral resection versus monopolar transurethral resection for benign prostatic hypertrophy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Endourology 28(9):1107–14

235. Stucki P, Marini L, Mattei A, Xafis K, Boldini M, Danuser H (2015) Bipolar versus monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate: a prospective randomized trial focusing on bleeding complications. Journal of Urology 193(4):1371–5

236. Elsakka AM, Eltatawy HH, Almekaty KH, Ramadan AR, Gameel TA, Farahat Y (2016) A prospective randomised controlled study comparing bipolar plasma vaporisation of the prostate to monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate. Arab Journal of Urology Print 14(4):280–6

237. Demirdag C, Citgez S, Tunc B, Simsekoglu F, Can G, Onal B (2016) The Clinical Effect of Bipolar and Monopolar Transurethral Resection of the Prostate More Than 60 Milliliters. Urology 98:132–7

238. Yan H, Ou TW, Chen L, Wang Q, Lan F, Shen P, et al. (2013) Thulium laser vaporesection versus standard transurethral resection of the prostate: a randomized trial with transpulmonary thermodilution hemodynamic monitoring. International Journal of Urology 20(5):507–12

239. Yip SKC (2011) A randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of hybrid bipolar transurethral vaporization and resection of the prostate with bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate. Journal of Endourology 25:1889–94

240. Lan Y, Wu W, Liu L, Zhou S, Lan C, Ketegwe IR, et al. (2018) Thulium (Tm:YAG) laser vaporesection of prostate and bipolar transurethral resection of prostate in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lasers in Medical Science 33(7):1411–21

241. Tang K, Xu Z, Xia D, Ma X, Guo X, Guan W, et al. (2014) Early outcomes of thulium laser versus transurethral resection of the prostate for managing benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of comparative studies. Journal of Endourology 28(1):65–72

242. Cui D, Sun F, Zhuo J, Sun X, Han B, Zhao F, et al. (2014) A randomized trial comparing thulium laser resection to standard transurethral resection of the prostate for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: four-year follow-up results. World Journal of Urology 32(3):683–9

243. Bozzini G, Seveso M, Melegari S, de Francesco O, Buffi NM, Guazzoni G, et al. (2017) Thulium laser enucleation (ThuLEP) versus transurethral resection of the prostate in saline (TURis): A randomized prospective trial to compare intra and early postoperative outcomes. Actas Urologicas Espanolas 41(5):309–15

244. Sun Q, Guo W, Cui D, Wang X, Ruan Y, Zhao F, et al. (2018) Thulium laser enucleation versus thulium laser resection of the prostate for prevention of bladder neck contracture in a small prostate: a prospective randomized trial. World Journal of Urology 07:7

245. Fayad AS, Sheikh MG, Zakaria T, Elfottoh HA, Alsergany R (2011) Holmium laser enucleation versus bipolar resection of the prostate: a prospective randomized study. Which to choose? Journal of Endourology 25:1347–52

246. Gilling PJW (2012) Long-term results of a randomized trial comparing holmium laser enucleation of the prostate and transurethral resection of the prostate: Results at 7 years. BJU International 109:408–11

247. Lusuardi L, Myatt A, Sieberer M, Jeschke S, Zimmermann R, Janetschek G (2011) Safety and efficacy of Eraser laser enucleation of the prostate: preliminary report. The Journal of urology 186:1967–71

248. Yin L, Teng J, Huang CJ, Zhang X, Xu D (2013) Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate versus transurethral resection of the prostate: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Endourology 27:604–11

249. Chen Y-BC (2013) A prospective, randomized clinical trial comparing plasmakinetic resection of the prostate with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate based on a 2-year followup. Journal of Urology 189:217–22

250. Lee SWC (2013) Transurethral procedures for lower urinary tract symptoms resulting from benign prostatic enlargement: A quality and meta-analysis. International Neurourology Journal 17:59–66

251. Qian X, Liu H, Xu D, Xu L, Huang F, He W, et al. (2017) Functional outcomes and complications following B-TURP versus HoLEP for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a review of the literature and Meta-analysis. Aging Male 20(3):184–91

252. Li S, Zeng XT, Ruan XL, Weng H, Liu TZ, Wang X, et al. (2014) Holmium laser enucleation versus transurethral resection in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia: an updated systematic review with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 9(7):e101615

253. Jhanwar A, Sinha RJ, Bansal A, Prakash G, Singh K, Singh V (2017) Outcomes of transurethral resection and holmium laser enucleation in more than 60 g of prostate: A prospective randomized study. Urology annals 9(1):45–50

254. Sun N, Fu Y, Tian T, Gao J, Wang Y, Wang S, et al. (2014) Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate versus transurethral resection of the prostate: a randomized clinical trial. International Urology & Nephrology 46(7):1277–82

255. Zhang BW (2011) Combination of channel-TURP and ILC versus standard TURP or ILC for elderly with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A randomized prospective trial. Urologia Internationalis 87:392–9

256. Zhu L, Chen S, Yang S, Wu M, Ge R, Wu W, et al. (2013) Electrosurgical enucleation versus bipolar transurethral resection for prostates larger than 70 ml: a prospective, randomized trial with 5-year followup. Journal of urology 189(4):1427–31

257. Liu J-F, Tan Z-H, Li S-X, Li X-Z, Chi N, Liu C-X (2013) Transurethral bipolar plasma kinetics enucleation versus transurethral bipolar plasma kinetics resection in the treatment of prostate hyperplasia: a randomized controlled trial. Chinese journal of evidence-based medicine 13(12):1405–8

258. Zhu L, Chen S, Yang S, Wu M, Ge R, Wu W, et al. (2013) Electrosurgical enucleation versus bipolar transurethral resection for prostates larger than 70 ml: a prospective, randomized trial with 5-year followup.[Erratum appears in J Urol. 2013 Jun;189(6):2396]. Journal of Urology 189:1427–31

259. Li X, Pan JH, Liu QG, He P, Song SJ, Jiang T, et al. (2013) Selective transurethral resection of the prostate combined with transurethral incision of the bladder neck for bladder outlet obstruction in patients with small volume benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH): a prospective randomized study. PLoS ONE [Electronic Resource] 8(5):e63227

260. Yang Z, Wang X, Liu T (2013) Thulium laser enucleation versus plasmakinetic resection of the prostate: a randomized prospective trial with 18-month follow-up. Urology 81(2):396–400

261. Zuo W, Wang Z, Xue J (2014) Transurethral enucleative resection of the prostate versus transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostate hyperplasia. Zhonghua nan ke xue [National journal of andrology] 20(9):812–5

262. Wroclawski ML, Carneiro A, Amarante RD, Oliveira CE, Shimanoe V, Bianco BA, et al. (2016) "Button type" bipolar plasma vaporisation of the prostate compared with standard transurethral resection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of short-term outcome studies. BJU International 117(4):662–8

263. Xue Z, Lin Y, Jiang Y, Wei N, Bi J (2018) The evaluation of nocturia in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic hyperplasia and the analysis of the curative effect after medical or placebo therapy for nocturia: A randomized placebo-controlled study. BMC Urology 18(1)

264. Lebdai S, Delongchamps NB, Sapoval M, Robert G, Amouyal G, Thiounn N, et al. (2016) Early results and complications of prostatic arterial embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia. World Journal of Urology 34(5):625–32

265. Gao YA, Huang Y, Zhang R, Yang YD, Zhang Q, Hou M, et al. (2014) Benign prostatic hyperplasia: prostatic arterial embolization versus transurethral resection of the prostate--a prospective, randomized, and controlled clinical trial. Radiology 270(3):920–8

266. Treharne C, Crowe L, Booth D, Ihara Z (2018) Economic Value of the Transurethral Resection in Saline System for Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in England and Wales: Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Cost-Consequence Model. European Urology Focus 4(2):270–9

267. Yee CH, Wong JH, Chiu PK, Chan CK, Lee WM, Tsu JH, et al. (2015) Short-stay transurethral prostate surgery: A randomized controlled trial comparing transurethral resection in saline bipolar transurethral vaporization of the prostate with monopolar transurethral resection. Asian Journal of Endoscopic Surgery 8(3):316–22

268. Nuhoglu BB (2011) The role of bipolar transurethral vaporization in the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Urologia Internationalis 87:400–4

269. Robert G, de la Taille A, Herrmann T (2015) Bipolar plasma vaporization of the prostate: ready to replace GreenLight? A systematic review of randomized control trials. World Journal of Urology 33(4):549–54

270. Falahatkar S, Mokhtari G, Moghaddam KG, Asadollahzade A, Farzan A, Shahab E, et al. (2014) Bipolar transurethral vaporization: a superior procedure in benign prostatic hyperplasia: a prospective randomized comparison with bipolar TURP. International Braz J Urol 40(3):346–55

271. Thomas JA, Tubaro A, Barber N, d'Ancona F, Muir G, Witzsch U, et al. (2016) A Multicenter Randomized Noninferiority Trial Comparing GreenLight-XPS Laser Vaporization of the Prostate and Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for the Treatment of Benign Prostatic Obstruction: Two-yr Outcomes of the GOLIATH Study. European Urology 69(1):94–102

272. Geavlete B, Stanescu F, Moldoveanu C, Geavlete P (2014) Continuous vs conventional bipolar plasma vaporisation of the prostate and standard monopolar resection: a prospective, randomised comparison of a new technological advance. BJU International 113(2):288–95

273. Simaioforidis V, Papatsoris AG, Chrisofos M, Chrisafis M, Koritsiadis S, Deliveliotis C (2011) Tamsulosin versus transurethral resection of the prostate: effect on nocturia as a result of benign prostatic hyperplasia. International journal of urology : official journal of the Japanese Urological Association 18:243–8

274. Elmansy HB (2012) Holmium laser enucleation versus photoselective vaporization for prostatic adenoma greater than 60 Ml: Preliminary results of a prospective, randomized clinical trial. Journal of Urology 188:216–21

275. Bansal A, Sankhwar S, Kumar M, Jhanwar A, Purkait B, Aeron R, et al. (2016) Holmium Laser vs Monopolar Electrocautery Bladder Neck Incision for Prostates Less Than 30 Grams: A Prospective Randomized Trial. Urology 93:158–63

276. Xu A, Zou Y, Li B, Liu C, Zheng S, Li H, et al. (2013) A randomized trial comparing diode laser enucleation of the prostate with plasmakinetic enucleation and resection of the prostate for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. Journal of Endourology 27(10):1254–60

277. Zhang FS (2012) Thulium laser versus holmium laser transurethral enucleation of the prostate: 18-month follow-up data of a single center. Urology 79:869–74

278. Netsch C, Becker B, Tiburtius C, Moritz C, Becci A V, Herrmann TRW, et al. (2017) A prospective, randomized trial comparing thulium vapoenucleation with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic obstruction: perioperative safety and efficacy. World Journal of Urology 35(12):1913–21

279. Becker B, Herrmann TRW, Gross AJ, Netsch C (2018) Thulium vapoenucleation of the prostate versus holmium laser enucleation of the prostate for the treatment of large volume prostates: preliminary 6-month safety and efficacy results of a prospective randomized trial. World Journal of Urology 36(10):1663–71

280. Elshal AME (2013) Two laser ablation techniques for a prostate less than 60 mL: Lessons learned 70 months after a randomized controlled trial. Urology 82:416–24

281. Pereira-Correia JAD (2012) GreenLight HPS 120-W laser vaporization vs transurethral resection of the prostate (<60 mL): A 2-year randomized double-blind prospective urodynamic investigation. BJU International 110:1184–9

282. Song Wenhui, Jianhui Wu, Junwei Gai ZY (2018) Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate prevents postoperative stress incontinence in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia. Int J Clin Exp Med 11(3):2572–6

283. Wei H, Shao Y, Sun F, Sun X, Zhuo J, Zhao F, et al. (2014) Thulium laser resection versus plasmakinetic resection of prostates larger than 80 ml. World Journal of Urology 32(4):1077–85

284. Feng L, Zhang D, Tian Y, Song J (2016) Thulium Laser Enucleation Versus Plasmakinetic Enucleation of the Prostate: A Randomized Trial of a Single Center. Journal of Endourology 30(6):665–70

285. Zhao C, Yang H, Chen Z, Ye Z (2016) Thulium Laser Resection Versus Plasmakinetic Resection of Prostates in the Treatment of Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques. Part A 26(10):789–98

286. Hoffman RM, Monga M, Elliott SP, Macdonald R, Langsjoen J, Tacklind J, et al. (2012) Microwave thermotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia. [Update of Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007;(4):CD004135; PMID: 17943811]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 9:cd004135

287. Rao JM, Yang JR, Ren YX, He J, Ding P, Yang JH (2013) Plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate versus transvesical open prostatectomy for benign prostatic hyperplasia >80 mL: 12-month follow-up results of a randomized clinical trial. Urology 82:176–81

288. Ou R, Deng X, Yang W, Wei X, Chen H, Xie K (2013) Transurethral enucleation and resection of the prostate vs transvesical prostatectomy for prostate volumes >80?mL: a prospective randomized study. BJU international 112(2):239–45

289. Peng B, Wang GC, Zheng JH, Xia SQ, Geng J, Che JP, et al. (2013) A comparative study of thulium laser resection of the prostate and bipolar transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU International 111:633–7

290. Giulianelli R, Brunori S, Gentile BC, Vincenti G, Nardoni S, Pisanti F, et al. (2011) Comparative randomized study on the efficaciousness of treatment of BOO due to BPH in patients with prostate up to 100 gr by endoscopic gyrus prostate resection versus open prostatectomy. Preliminary data. Archivio italiano di urologia, andrologia : organo ufficiale [di] Societ? italiana di ecografia urologica e nefrologica / Associazione ricerche in urologia 83:88–94

291. Jones P, Alzweri L, Rai BP, Somani BK, Bates C, Aboumarzouk OM (2016) Holmium laser enucleation versus simple prostatectomy for treating large prostates: Results of a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arab Journal of Urology 14(1):50–8

292. Ou X RD (2013) Transurethral enucleation and resection of the prostate vs transvesical prostatectomy for prostate volumes >80 mL: A prospective randomized study. BJU International 112:239–45

293. Xie JB, Tan YA, Wang FL, Xuan Q, Sun YW, Xiao J, et al. (2014) Extraperitoneal laparoscopic adenomectomy (Madigan) versus bipolar transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia greater than 80 ml: complications and functional outcomes after 3-year follow-up. Journal of Endourology 28(3):353–9

294. Zhu Y, Zhuo J, Xu D, Xia S, Herrmann TR (2015) Thulium laser versus standard transurethral resection of the prostate for benign prostatic obstruction: a systematic review and meta-analysis. World Journal of Urology 33(4):509–15

295. Chen S, Zhu L, Cai J, Zheng Z, Ge R, Wu M, et al. (2014) Plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate compared with open prostatectomy for prostates larger than 100 grams: a randomized noninferiority controlled trial with long-term results at 6 years. European Urology 66(2):284–91

296. Zou Z, Xu A, Zheng S, Chen B, Xu Y, Li H, et al. (2018) Dual-centre randomized-controlled trial comparing transurethral endoscopic enucleation of the prostate using diode laser vs. bipolar plasmakinetic for the treatment of LUTS secondary of benign prostate obstruction: 1-year follow-up results. World Journal of Urology 36(7):1117–26

297. Lusuardi L, Hruby S, Janetschek G, Mitterberger M, Sieberer M, Colleselli D, et al. (2015) Laparoscopic adenomectomy versus Eraser laser enucleation of the prostate. World Journal of Urology 33(5):691–6

298. Suen LKP, Yeh CH, Yeung SKW, Yeung JWF (2019) Is the combined auriculotherapy approach superior to magneto-auriculotherapy alone in aging males with lower urinary tract symptoms? A randomized controlled trial. Aging Male :1–12

299. Luo YH, Shen JH, Guan RY, Li H, Wang J (2014) Plasmakinetic enucleation of the prostate vs plasmakinetic resection of the prostate for benign prostatic hyperplasia: comparison of outcomes according to prostate size in 310 patients. Urology 84(4):904–10

300. Karadag MA, Cecen K, Demir A, Kocaaslan R, Altunrende F (2014) Plasmakinetic vaporization versus plasmakinetic resection to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia: A prospective randomized trial with 1 year follow-up. Canadian Urological Association Journal 8(910):E595-9

301. Wu G, Hong Z, Li C, Bian C, Huang S, Wu D (2016) A comparative study of diode laser and plasmakinetic in transurethral enucleation of the prostate for treating large volume benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized clinical trial with 12-month follow-up. Lasers in Medical Science 31(4):599–604

302. Zhang J, Wang X, Zhang Y, Shi C, Tu M, Shi G (2019) 1470 nm Diode Laser Enucleation vs Plasmakinetic Resection of the Prostate for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Randomized Study. Journal of Endourology 09:9

303. Marcon J, Magistro G, Stief C, Grimm T (2018) What's New in TIND? European urology focus (no pagination)

304. McVary KT, Gange SN, Gittelman MC, Goldberg KA, Patel K, Shore ND, et al. (2016) Minimally Invasive Prostate Convective Water Vapor Energy Ablation: A Multicenter, Randomized, Controlled Study for the Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Journal of Urology 195(5):1529–38

305. Roehrborn CG, Gange SN, Gittelman MC, Goldberg KA, Patel K, Shore ND, et al. (2017) Convective Thermal Therapy: Durable 2-Year Results of Randomized Controlled and Prospective Crossover Studies for Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Journal of Urology 197(6):1507–16

306. McVary KT, Roehrborn CG (2018) Three-Year Outcomes of the Prospective, Randomized Controlled Rezum System Study: Convective Radiofrequency Thermal Therapy for Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Due to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Urology 111:1–9

307. Ashling B, Daniel B, Caroline K, Orla M, Karen M (2014) Sex Education, First Sex and Sexual Health Outcomes in Adulthood: Findings from a Nationally Representative Sexual Health Survey. Sex Education: Sexuality, Society and Learning 14:299–309

308. McVary KT, Gange SN, Gittelman MC, Goldberg KA, Patel K, Shore ND, et al. (2016) Erectile and Ejaculatory Function Preserved With Convective Water Vapor Energy Treatment of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Randomized Controlled Study. Journal of Sexual Medicine 13(6):924–33

309. Hwang EC, Jung JH, Borofsky M, Kim MH, Dahm P (2019) Aquablation of the prostate for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2:cd013143

310. Gilling PJ, Barber N, Bidair M, Anderson P, Sutton M, Aho T, et al. (2019) Randomized Controlled Trial of Aquablation versus Transurethral Resection of the Prostate in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: One year Outcomes. Urology 125:169–73

311. Kasivisvanathan V, Hussain M (2018) Aquablation versus transurethral resection of the prostate: 1 year United States - cohort outcomes. Canadian Journal of Urology 25(3):9317–22

312. Uflacker A, Haskal ZJ, Bilhim T, Patrie J, Huber T, Pisco JM (2016) Meta-Analysis of Prostatic Artery Embolization for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology 27(11):1686–1697.e8

313. Feng S, Tian Y, Liu W, Li Z, Deng T, Li H, et al. (2017) Prostatic Arterial Embolization Treating Moderate to Severe Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Related to Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: A Meta-Analysis. Cardiovascular & Interventional Radiology 40(1):22–32

314. Malling B, Roder MA, Brasso K, Forman J, Taudorf M, Lonn L (2019) Prostate artery embolisation for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Radiology 29(1):287–98

315. Kuang M, Vu A, Athreya S (2017) A Systematic Review of Prostatic Artery Embolization in the Treatment of Symptomatic Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia. Cardiovascular & Interventional Radiology 40(5):655–63

316. Zumstein V, Betschart P, Vetterlein MW, Kluth LA, Hechelhammer L, Mordasini L, et al. (2018) Prostatic Artery Embolization versus Standard Surgical Treatment for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Secondary to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. European Urology Focus.

317. Cizman Z, Isaacson A, Burke C (2016) Short- to Midterm Safety and Efficacy of Prostatic Artery Embolization: A Systematic Review. Journal of Vascular & Interventional Radiology 27(10):1487–1493.e1

318. McVary KT, Gange SN, Shore ND, Bolton DM, Cowan BE, Brown BT, et al. (2013) Treatment of LUTS Secondary to BPH While Preserving Sexual Function: Randomized Controlled Study of Prostatic Urethral Lift. J. Sex Med

319. Roehrborn CG, Gange SN, Shore ND, Giddens JL, Bolton DM, Cowan BE, et al. (2013) The prostatic urethral lift for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms associated with prostate enlargement due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: the L.I.F.T. Study. Journal of Urology 190(6):2161–7

320. Perera M, Roberts MJ, Doi SA, Bolton D (2015) Prostatic urethral lift improves urinary symptoms and flow while preserving sexual function for men with benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. European Urology 67(4):704–13

321. Sanchez-Gomez LM, Polo-deSantos M, Gomez-Sancha F, Luengo-Matos S (2015) Efficacy and safety of the urolift system for the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia symptoms: systematic review. Actas Urologicas Espanolas 39(5):311–9

322. Rukstalis D, Rashid P, Bogache WK, Tutrone RF, Barkin J, Chin PT, et al. (2016) 24-month durability after crossover to the prostatic urethral lift from randomised, blinded sham. BJU International 118suppl3:14–22

323. Sonksen J, Barber NJ, Speakman MJ, Berges R, Wetterauer U, Greene D, et al. (2015) Prospective, randomized, multinational study of prostatic urethral lift versus transurethral resection of the prostate: 12-month results from the BPH6 study. European Urology 68(4):643–52

324. Roehrborn CG, Gange SN, Shore ND, Giddens JL, Bolton DM, Cowan BE, et al. (2015) Durability of the Prostatic Urethral Lift: 2-Year Results of the L.I.F.T. Study. Urology Practice 2(1):26–32

325. Roehrborn CG, Rukstalis DB, Barkin J, Gange SN, Shore ND, Giddens JL, et al. (2015) Three year results of the prostatic urethral L.I.F.T. study. Canadian Journal of Urology 22(3):7772–82

326. Cantwell AL, Bogache WK, Richardson SF, Tutrone RF, Barkin J, Fagelson JE, et al. (2014) Multicentre prospective crossover study of the "prostatic urethral lift" for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia. BJU International 113(4):615–22

327. Roehrborn CG, Barkin J, Gange SN, Shore ND, Giddens JL, Bolton DM, et al. (2017) Five year results of the prospective randomized controlled prostatic urethral L.I.F.T. study. Canadian Journal of Urology 24(3):8802–13

328. Mayer EKK (2012) Examining the "gold standard": A comparative critical analysis of three consecutive decades of monopolar transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) outcomes. BJU International 110:1595–601

329. Wang L, Yu QY, Liu Y, Zhu ZL, Huang YW, Li K (2016) Efficacy and Safety of Laser Surgery and Transurethral Resection of the Prostate for Treating Benign Prostate Hyperplasia: a Network Meta-analysis. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: Apjcp 17(9):4281–8

330. Cornu JN, Ahyai S, Bachmann A, de la Rosette J, Gilling P, Gratzke C, et al. (2015) A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Functional Outcomes and Complications Following Transurethral Procedures for Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Resulting from Benign Prostatic Obstruction: An Update. European Urology 67(6):1066–96

331. Mangera A, Andersson KE, Apostolidis A, Chapple C, Dasgupta P, Giannantoni A, et al. (2011) Contemporary management of lower urinary tract disease with botulinum toxin A: a systematic review of botox (onabotulinumtoxinA) and dysport (abobotulinumtoxinA). European Urology 60:784–95

332. Yokoyama TC (2012) Botulinum toxin typeA for the treatment of lower urinary tract disorders. International Journal of Urology 19:202–15

333. Kuo HC (2011) Bladder base/trigone injection is safe and as effective as bladder body injection of onabotulinumtoxinA for idiopathic detrusor overactivity refractory to antimuscarinics. Neurourology & Urodynamics 30:1242–8

334. Manecksha RPC (2012) Prospective randomised controlled trial comparing trigone-sparing versus trigone-including intradetrusor injection of abobotulinumtoxinA for refractory idiopathic detrusor overactivity. European Urology 61:928–35

335. Shim SR, Cho YJ, Shin IS, Kim JH (2016) Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin injection for benign prostatic hyperplasia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Urology & Nephrology 48(1):19–30

336. Chapple C, Kaplan S, Mitcheson D, Klecka J, Cummings J, Drogendijk T, et al. (2013) Randomized double-blind, active-controlled phase 3 study to assess 12-month safety and efficacy of mirabegron, a ?(3)-adrenoceptor agonist, in overactive bladder. European urology 63(2):296–305

337. Robert G, Descazeaud A, Karsenty G, Saussine C, Azzouzi A-R, de la Taille A, et al. (2018) Prostatic injection of botulinum toxin is not inferior to optimized medical therapy in the management of lower urinary tract symptoms due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: results of a randomized clinical trial. World Journal of Urology 36(6):921–9

338. McVary KT, Roehrborn CG, Chartier-Kastler E, Efros M, Bugarin D, Chen R, et al. (2014) A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled study of onabotulinumtoxinA 200 U to treat lower urinary tract symptoms in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Journal of Urology 192(1):150–6

339. Herschorn S, Kohan A, Aliotta P, McCammon K, Sriram R, Abrams S, et al. (2017) The Efficacy and Safety of OnabotulinumtoxinA or Solifenacin Compared with Placebo in Solifenacin Naive Patients with Refractory Overactive Bladder: Results from a Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind Phase 3b Trial. Journal of Urology 198(1):167–75

340. Nitti VW, Dmochowski R, Sand P, Thompson C, Nardo C, Yan X, et al. (2017) OnabotulinumtoxinA for the Treatment of Patients with Overactive Bladder and Urinary Incontinence: Results of a Phase 3, Randomized, Placebo Controlled Trial. Journal of Urology 197(2supplement):S216–23

341. Everaert K, Gruenenfelder J, Schulte-Baukloh H, Egerdie RB, Khalaf K, Joshi M, et al. (2015) Impact of onabotulinumtoxinA on quality of life and practical aspects of daily living: A pooled analysis of two randomized controlled trials. International Journal of Urology 22(12):1131–7

342. Chuang YC, Kaufmann JH, Chancellor DD, Chancellor MB, Kuo HC (2014) Bladder instillation of liposome encapsulated onabotulinumtoxina improves overactive bladder symptoms: a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized trial. Journal of Urology 192(6):1743–9

343. Apostolidis A (2011) Pharmacotherapy for overactive bladder: minimally invasive treatment -- botulinum toxins. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy 12:1029–39

344. Duthie JB, Vincent M, Herbison GP, Wilson I D, Wilson D (2011) Botulinum toxin injections for adults with overactive bladder syndrome.

345. Seth JK (2013) Botulinum toxin - What urologic uses does the data support? Current Urology Reports 14:227–34

346. Brubaker LG (2012) Treatment satisfaction and goal attainment with onabotulinumtoxinA in patients with incontinence due to idiopathic OAB. International Urogynecology Journal and Pelvic Floor Dysfunction 23:1017–25

347. Denys PLN (2012) Efficacy and safety of low doses of onabotulinumtoxina for the treatment of refractory idiopathic overactive bladder: A multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled dose-ranging study. European Urology 61:520–9

348. Nitti VWD (2013) OnabotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of patients with overactive bladder and urinary incontinence: Results of a phase 3, randomized, placebo controlled trial. Journal of Urology 189:2186–93

349. Rovner E, Kennelly M, Schulte-Baukloh H, Zhou J, Haag-Molkenteller C, Dasgupta P (2011) Urodynamic results and clinical outcomes with intradetrusor injections of onabotulinumtoxinA in a randomized, placebo-controlled dose-finding study in idiopathic overactive bladder. Neurourology and Urodynamics 30:556–62

350. Arnouk RB (2012) Botulinum neurotoxin type a for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: Randomized study comparing two doses. The Scientific World Journal 20122012ar

351. Crawford ED, Hirst K, Kusek JW, Donnell RF, Kaplan SA, McVary KT, et al. (2011) Effects of 100 and 300 units of onabotulinum toxin A on lower urinary tract symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia: a phase II randomized clinical trial. The Journal of urology 186:965–70

352. Marberger MC-K (2013) A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled phase 2 dose-ranging study of onabotulinumtoxina in men with benign prostatic hyperplasia. European Urology 63:496–503

353. Biester KS (2012) Systematic review of surgical treatments for benign prostatic hyperplasia and presentation of an approach to investigate therapeutic equivalence (noninferiority). BJU International 109:722–30

354. Van Der Aa FD (2013) The artificial urinary sphincter after a quarter of a century: A critical systematic review of its use in male non-neurogenic incontinence. European Urology 63:681–9

355. Zhu X Y-PY (2012) Pelvic floor electrical stimulation for postprostatectomy urinary incontinence: A meta-analysis. Urology 79:552–5

356. Berghmans B, Hendriks E, Bernards A, de Bie R, Omar MI (2013) Electrical stimulation with non-implanted electrodes for urinary incontinence in men. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (6):cd001202

357. Raheem AAF (2013) Role of posterior tibial nerve stimulation in the treatment of refractory monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: A pilot study. Journal of Urology 189:1514–8

358. Coulson S, Rao A, Beck S, Steels E, Gramotnev H, Vitetta L (2013) A phase II randomised double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial investigating the efficacy and safety of ProstateEZE Max: a herbal medicine preparation for the management of symptoms of benign prostatic hypertrophy. Complementary therapies in medicine 21(3):172–9

359. Barry MJ, Meleth S, Lee JY, Kreder KJ, Avins AL, Nickel JC, et al. (2011) Effect of increasing doses of saw palmetto extract on lower urinary tract symptoms: a randomized trial. JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association 306:1344–51

360. Crawford-Faucher A (2012) Saw palmetto extract ineffective for BPH symptoms. American Family Physician 85:1202

361. Helfand BTL (2012) Associations between improvements in lower urinary tract symptoms and sleep disturbance over time in the CAMUS trial. Journal of Urology 188:2288–93

362. Kim T-HL (2012) Dietary supplements for benign prostatic hyperplasia: An overview of systematic reviews. Maturitas 73:180–5

363. MacDonald RT (2012) Serenoa repens monotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH): An updated Cochrane systematic review. BJU International 109:1756–61

364. Tacklind J, Macdonald R, Rutks I, Stanke JU, Wilt TJ (2012) Serenoa repens for benign prostatic hyperplasia. [Update of Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2009;(2):CD001423; PMID: 19370565]. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 12:cd001423

365. Wilt TJ, MacDonald R, Ishani A, Rutks I, Stark G (2011) Cernilton for benign prostatic hyperplasia.

366. Vostalova J, Vidlar A, Ulrichova J, Vrbkova J, Simanek V, Student V (2013) Use of selenium-silymarin mix reduces lower urinary tract symptoms and prostate specific antigen in men. Phytomedicine

367. Spettel S, Chughtai B, Feustel P, Kaufman A, Levin R, De E (2013) A prospective randomized double-blind trial of grape juice antioxidants in men with lower urinary tract symptoms. Neurourology and urodynamics 32(3):261–5

368. Wong WCW (2012) Isoflavones in treating watchful waiting benign prostate hyperplasia: A double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine 18:54–60

369. Wang Y, Liu B, Yu J, Wu J, Wang J, Liu Z (2013) Electroacupuncture for moderate and severe benign prostatic hyperplasia: a randomized controlled trial. Plos one 8(4):e59449

370. Radvanska E, Kamperis K, Kleif A, Kov?cs L, Rittig S (2011) Effect of laser acupuncture for monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis on bladder reservoir function and nocturnal urine output. The Journal of urology 185:1857–61

371. S.Lee J (2012) Tai Chi for lower urinary tract symptoms and quality of life in elderly patients with benign prostate hypertrophy: A randomized controlled trial. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 20122012ar

372. S.Schule K (2013) Do osteopathic treatments influence the lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic syndrome (BPS)? A randomized controlled trial. International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine 16:e1–2

373. Chen X YZ (2012) The potential role of a self-management intervention for benign prostate hyperplasia. Urology 79:1385–8

374. Albers-Heitner CPJ (2012) Cost effectiveness of involving nurse specialists for adult patients with urinary incontinence in primary care compared to care-as-usual: An economic evaluation alongside a pragmatic randomized controlled trial. Neurourology and Urodynamics 31:526–34

© NICE 2019. All rights reserved. Subject to Notice of rights.