Update information
July 2019: We reviewed evidence on inhaled triple therapy for managing stable COPD, and oral corticosteroids for managing exacerbations. No changes were made to the recommendations.
Recommendations are marked [2019] if the evidence has been reviewed.
In recommendations ending [2004], [2004, amended 2018], [2010], [2010, amended 2018] or [2018], we have not reviewed the evidence.
December 2018: This guideline is an update of NICE guideline CG101 (published June 2010) and replaces it.
We have reviewed evidence on diagnosis and prognosis, inhaled combination therapies, prophylactic antibiotics, oxygen therapy, managing pulmonary hypertension and cor pulmonale, lung surgery and lung volume reduction procedures, education, self-management and telehealth monitoring for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). These recommendations are marked [2018].
We also made some changes without an evidence review:
These recommendations are marked [2004, amended 2018] or [2010, amended 2018].
Recommendations marked [2004] or [2010] last had an evidence review in 2004 or 2010. In some cases, minor changes have been made to the wording to bring the language and style up to date, without changing the meaning.
Minor changes since publication
March 2025: We updated links to relevant technology appraisal guidance in the sections on oral phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors and vaccination and anti-viral therapy.
October 2022: We added text to indicate that pulse oximetry may be less reliable in people with dark skin. We also added a link to the NHS patient safety alerton the risk of harm from inappropriate placement of pulse oximeter probes. See recommendations 1.2.56, 1.3.1, 1.3.2 and 1.3.28.
ISBN: 978-1-4731-3468-3