How are you taking part in this consultation?

You will not be able to change how you comment later.

You must be signed in to answer questions

    The content on this page is not current guidance and is only for the purposes of the consultation process.

    Outcome measures

    The main outcomes included patient-reported outcome measures: improvement in function and pain, quality of life, patient satisfaction; complications, recurrence rate and reoperations; hallux joint angle correction and maintenance (radiological measures), radiation exposure time. The measures used are detailed in the following paragraphs.

    MOXFQ score

    The MOXFQ is a validated measure of health-related quality of life. It has 3 domains: pain, walking or standing, and social interaction, with a maximum score of 100 in each domain. Higher scores signify poorer quality of life.

    AOFAS HMI score

    The AOFAS HMI score is the most commonly used patient-reported outcome measure for first MTP fusion (arthrodesis). It consists of subjective and objective variables classified into 3 major categories: pain, function, and alignment. The scores are divided into categories:

    • 90 to 100 – excellent

    • 75 to 89 – good

    • 50 to 74 – fair

    • less than 50 points – poor.

    A minimal clinically important difference of 19 points was suggested by Kaufmann (2019).

    VAS score

    The VAS score is used to assess the intensity of pain. The range of the VAS score was from 0 to 10, with higher scores signifying 'worst pain'.