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    Table 1 Abbreviations

    Abbreviation

    Definition

    AOFAS HMI score

    American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society Hallux Metatarsophalangeal Interphalangeal score

    CI

    Confidence interval

    DMAA

    Distal metatarsal articular angle

    HV

    Hallux valgus

    HVA

    Hallux valgus angle

    IMA

    Intramedullary angle

    MICA

    Minimally invasive Chevron-Akin

    MD

    Mean difference

    MOXFQ

    Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire

    MIS

    Minimally invasive surgery

    MTP

    Metatarsophalangeal joint

    OC

    Open Chevron

    PECA

    Percutaneous Chevron-Akin

    POO

    Percutaneous oblique osteotomy

    PROMs

    Patient-reported outcome measures

    RCT

    Randomised controlled trial

    ROM

    Range of motion

    RR

    Relative risk

    SA

    Scarf Akin

    SF-36 MCS

    Short form (36) mental health component summary score

    SF-36 PCS

    Short form (36) physical component summary score

    SD

    Standard deviation

    SMD

    Standardised mean difference

    VAS

    Visual analogue scale