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    Methods

    NICE identified studies and reviews relevant to scaffold insertion without autologous cell culture from the medical literature. The following databases were searched between 24 February 2016 to 21 November 2023: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and other databases. Trial registries and the internet were also searched (see the literature search strategy). Relevant published studies identified during consultation or resolution that are published after this date may also be considered for inclusion.

    The following inclusion criteria were applied to the abstracts identified by the literature search.

    • Publication type: clinical studies were included with emphasis on identifying good quality studies. Abstracts were excluded if they did not report clinical outcomes. Reviews, editorials, and laboratory or animal studies, were also excluded and so were conference abstracts, because of the difficulty of appraising study methodology, unless they reported specific adverse events that not available in the published literature.

    • Patients with chondral knee defects.

    • Intervention or test: scaffold insertion without autologous cell culture.

    • Outcome: articles were retrieved if the abstract contained information relevant to the safety, efficacy, or both.

    If selection criteria could not be determined from the abstracts the full paper was retrieved.

    Potentially relevant studies not included in the main evidence summary are listed in the section on other relevant studies.

    Find out more about how NICE selects the evidence for the committee.

    Table 4 literature search strategy

    Databases

    Date searched

    Version/files

    MEDLINE ALL (Ovid)

     21/11/2023 

    1946 to November 20, 2023

    EMBASE (Ovid)

     21/11/2023 

    1974 to 2023 November 17

    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews – CDSR (Cochrane Library)

     21/11/2023 

    Issue 11 of 12, November 2023 

     

    Cochrane Central Database of Controlled Trials – CENTRAL (Cochrane Library)

     21/11/2023 

    Issue 10 of 12, October 2023

    International HTA database (INAHTA)

     21/11/2023 

    -

    The following search strategy was used to identify papers in MEDLINE. A similar strategy was used to identify papers in other databases.

    MEDLINE search strategy

    1 Cartilage, Articular/ 33551 

    2 cartilage diseases/ 5541 

    3 (($chondral* or cartilag* or joint*) adj4 (fullthick* or full thick* or full-thick* or trauma* or defect* or diseas* or lesion* or injur* or articul* or degener*)).tw. 72152 

    4 or/1-3 88334 

    5 (knee* or patella* or menisc* or genu*).tw. 383204 

    6 4 and 5 24538 

    7 knee injuries/ 19761 

    8 or/6-7 40832 

    9 "prostheses and implants"/ 49979 

    10 tissue scaffolds/ 29593 

    11 9 and 10 359 

    12 guided tissue regeneration/ 2838 

    13 ((cartilag*or artific* or synthet* or arthroscop* or chondrocyte* or collagen or aragonite) adj4 (scaffold* or patch* or matri* or structur* or microstruct* or micro-struct* or "micro struct*" or implant* or prosthe* or repair* or regener* or engineer* or micro fract* or micro-fract* or resurfac* or re-surfac*)).tw. 57676 

    14 (AMIC or autologous matrix* induc* chondrogenesis*).tw. 456 

    15 (autologous* adj4 cell adj4 implant*).tw. 150 

    16 or/11-15 60938 

    17 16 and 5 3970 

    18 8 and 17 2484 

    19 (chondrotissue or chondro-tissue).tw. 10 

    20 (chondro-gide or chondro gide).tw. 44 

    21 MaioRegen Biojoint* System*.tw. 0 

    22 (Agili-C* or "Agili C*").tw. 6 

    23 or/19-22 60 

    24 18 or 23 2525 

    25 animals/ not humans/ 5139215 

    26 24 not 25 1988